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Gas Turbine heritage

Gas Turbines Based CHP Clean, Green & Sustainable Géraldine Roy - Proposals Manager – FEED Richard Williamson – Framework Support Manager Derek Fothergill - Consultant Melton Mowbray, June 2013. Gas Turbine heritage. First established in 1857 - Joseph Ruston

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Gas Turbine heritage

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  1. Gas Turbines Based CHPClean, Green & SustainableGéraldine Roy - Proposals Manager – FEEDRichard Williamson – Framework Support ManagerDerek Fothergill - ConsultantMelton Mowbray, June 2013

  2. Gas Turbine heritage • First established in 1857 - Joseph Ruston • Gas Turbines since 1946 - Frank Whittle Agriculture Industry Gas Turbines Military Transport

  3. Industrial Gas Turbines

  4. Siemens Industrial gas TurbinesProduct Applications Power Generation Comb. Cycle Pumping Compression CHP An SGT-100 generating set is installed on Norske Shell's Troll Field platform in the North Sea Thirty SGT-200 driven pump sets on the OZ2 pipeline operated by Sonatrach, Algeria Two SGT-700 driven Siemens compressors for natural gas liquefaction plant owned by UGDC at Port Said, Egypt. Two SGT-400 generating sets operating in cogeneration/ combined cycle for BIEP at BP’s Bulwer Island refinery, Australia An SGT-800 CHP plant for InfraServ Bavernwerk’s chemical plant in Gendorf, Germany.

  5. Siemens Industrial Power:Industrial Turbines for all Your Needs Gas Turbines • Gas turbines for power generation, combined heat & power and mechanical drives for all industrial applications. • Small gas turbines from 5 up to 13 MW • Medium gas turbines from 18.5 up to 50 MW Steam Turbines • Steam turbines for power generation, combined heat & power and mechanical drives for all industrial applications • Various design paradigms including: • Pre–designed steam turbines up to 10 MW • Industrial steam turbines up to 250 MW Page 5

  6. Global Power market – Demand for Power is steadily growing 13% 15% 11% 4% 16% 24% 13% 3% 22% 4% 34% 41% 37,100 +2.8% p.a. Power generation mix worldwide, in TWh Renewables Water Nuclear 22,100 Gas Oil 61% Coal 67% 2011 2030 Fossil fuels remain the backbone - Renewables gain in importance Source: Siemens

  7. Gas Turbines < 60 MW in CHP The Global Picture (1993-2012) GT orders 1993-2012 • GT based CHP < 60 MW - mainly used in Europe, USA and in Asia (SE Asia, Japan, India), lately also in emerging markets • The total market has been declining but it is slowly recovering

  8. Waste heat from power generation is emitted with exhaust gases Conventional Energy Supply Central electricity generation and distribution through grid Local production of heat with fossil fuel Conventional energy supply:Less efficient, more emissions Power plant Residentialarea Industry

  9. Power plant Residential area Industry Combined Heat and Power (CHP) or Cogeneration Local electricity generation Medium-voltage power grid connection Simultaneous production of power and heat from a single fuel source Combined Heat and Power:More efficient and lower emissions due to the recovery of waste heat Residential area Industry Local power plant

  10. CHP Benefits Environmental protection The high overall thermal efficiency of cogeneration minimizes the production of carbon dioxide. Other exhaust emissions can be controlled by the use of low emission combustion technology Profitability Energy costs can be a high proportion of the product cost in many industries. CHP can help reduce the energy costs by up to 30% Security of Supply CHP can increase the reliability of power supply. Production processes need to avoid unscheduled shutdown

  11. CHP: The drivers • Business Drivers • Improving spark spread ; energy cost : Gas/Oil prices Vs Electricity prices. • Growing gas supply diversity and network. Shale Gas, Landfill and other Bio gases. Security of energy supply. • Legal/Environmental Drivers • Climate change and reduction of emissions • Government / EU Energy Directives - Reduced emissions of CO2. • Reduced emissions of NOx, particles, UHC, etc. • National production subsidies. • National tax exemptions or investment incentives. CCL. Energy cost Security of supply Environmental image Reduction of greenhouse gases and other emissions Incentives

  12. Condensing Steam Turbine Exhaust Power Output Steam Output By-pass Stack Damper Exhaust Heat Boiler Feed Water Steam Raising Applications Based on SGT-100 Gas Turbine 69.5 % 14 % 53 % 9.5 % 37.5 % 6.0 % Difference is due to Gear, Generator, vent and Oil System losses Power Output Fuel Gas Input 30.0 % 100 %

  13. Condensing Steam Turbine Power Output Steam Raising Applications Based on SGT-100 Gas Turbine 400 OC 42 bar g 126 OC Exhaust 9.5 % 100 OC Steam Output By-pass Stack 60 OC 103OC Damper 544 OC Power Output Fuel Gas Input Boiler Feed Water 30.0 % 100 %

  14. Tri-generation Installation Network support – Riverbay Co-op Development “Hurricane Sandy hit Co-op City about as hard as it hit most anywhere else in New York City, but everybody in Co-op City had power before, during and after the storm, ” said Community Principal, Herb Freedman • The Scheme provides:- • electricity, heating and cooling for 60,000 residents in the Bronx area of New York. • 40 MW electrical power is produced by two SGT-400 gas turbines and SST-300 steam turbine. • Up to 16MW of electricity not used locally enters the New York power grid. • Riverbay Co-Op Development (New York) Co-op City is located in the northeast of New York and comprises 14,000 apartment units, 35 high-rise buildings, 8 parking garages, 3 shopping centres and 6 schools

  15. Tri-generation Installation Network support – Riverbay Co-op Development Power Export HP Steam Co-op Power Use SST 300 40.0 MW 12.47 kV Exhaust Steam Turbine 11.5% Waste Heat Damper By-pass Stack Exhaust Heat 17% Heat to Electricity Power Output SGT 400 LP Steam Cooling Water Flow Boiler Feed Water 17.5 % Heat to Electricity Exhaust Fuel Gas Input Cooling Water Return 11.5% Waste Heat Absorption Damper By-pass Stack Exhaust Heat Chiller SGT 400 Power Output Condensate Boiler Feed Water Chilled Water Flow Chilled Water Return 17.5 % Heat to Electricity 25% Usable Heat Fuel Gas Input 100 % Heat as Fuel Gas

  16. Option 1 Maximum Electrical Generation Breather Vent Air Outlet Oil Cooler By-Pass Stack Boiler Stack Combined Combustion Inlet Air & Vent HEPA Air Filter Silencer Roof Line Make-up Tank Silencer Deaerator Waste Heat Steam Generator Diverter Valve Silencer SGT 100-1 Gas Turbine Generating Set Fire Panel Boiler Feed Water Pumps Air Compressor Fuel Gas Compressor SST-110 Steam Turbine Generating Set Water Treatment Battery Room Switchgear Room Control Room To District Heating (16 bar g,100 OC) Condenser From District Heating (8 bar g, 60 OC) Condensate Return Pumps

  17. Option 2 Maximum Heat Generation Breather Vent Air Outlet Oil Cooler By-Pass Stack Boiler Stack Combined Combustion Inlet Air & Vent HEPA Air Filter Silencer Roof Line Make-up Tank Silencer Waste Heat Hot Water Generator Diverter Valve Silencer Water Treatment SGT 100-1 Gas Turbine Generating Set Fire Panel From District Heating (8 bar g,60 OC) Air Compressor Fuel Gas Compressor To District Heating (16 bar g,100 OC) Battery Room Switchgear Room Control Room

  18. Housing Housing Housing Housing Housing Housing Housing Housing Shops Shops Heat Transmission & Distribution Network Heat production from Heat Only Boilers maybe needed 2000 m 800 m 500 m 700 m CHP Plant HOB Plant 500 m Thermal Storage for full or partial storage (load levelling) maybe needed Factory 750 m Factory Heat Interface Unit 800 m

  19. Pressure Indicator PI TI Thermal Element TE Flow Element FE Domestic Hot Water Filter Isolating Valve Modulating Valve Drain Valve Domestic Cold Water (Mains) Double Check Valve Room Thermostat Relief Valve Heat Meter Controller Filling Loop PI District Hot Water Flow & Return Central Heating TI PI TI PI TE TE TE TE FE Indirect Domestic Heat Interface Unit Temperature Indicator District heating supply temperature can be as high as 100 OC minimising flow rate and hence pipe sizes.

  20. Performance Summary SGT- 100- 1S Study assumes all power is sold to a power company For Wind Farms the ratio is 1 kW per Home with the Grid taking up the peak loads

  21. Performance Summary SGT 400 Study assumes all power is sold to a power company For Wind Farms the ratio is 1 kW per Home with the Grid taking up the peak loads

  22. Possible Incremental Efficiency Improvements

  23. Payback Period SGT 100-1S Scheme Simple Payback in just over 7 years SGT 400 Scheme Simple Payback in less than 4 years Payback calculations ignore amortisation, inflation, cost escalation and any grants

  24. Effect of Ambient Temperature on Power Max & Min Temperature (1971 – 2000) at Waddington(68 m amsl) Export Power - kW Net Power - kW Temperature Deg - C Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Month Ambient Temperature – Deg C Average Daily Total Consumption - kWh

  25. Summary – CHP high efficiency, cost effective, secure and proven • Combined heat and power installations using gas turbines are well proven and widely used across process, manufacturing industries and District Heating worldwide. • Gas turbines are the key to high efficiency CHP solutions. Waste heat is predominantly ejected through exhaust. This can be harnessed for steam production. • Gas Turbines are capable of accepting base load whilst still providing acceptably high availability and reliability. Further enhancing security of power supply. • We believe district hot water and heating is cost effective for new build projects such as housing, swimming pools, hotels and commercial buildings. • Not so easy for existing especially old housing, due to cost of retrospective installation.

  26. Summary – Savings and Improvements • CHP gives cost savings with potential short payback periods. • Matching the combination of units to optimise efficiency and financial return. • Ducted hot air for adjacent buildings. • Management of heat use from coolers and condensers will push efficiency up. • Power utilised locally and exported. • Large reduction in use of fossil fuel, to reduce carbon profile through efficiency and use of alternative gas sources (biogas from green waste, landfill gas from refuse, coke oven gas etc.).

  27. Thank you! Geraldine Roy Proposals Manager - FEEDE O IP T (0)1522 58 6819 geraldine.roy@siemens.com Richard Williamson Framework Support Manager – FEED EOIP (0)1522 58 4213 Richard.t.williamson@siemens.com Po Box 1 Lincoln United Kingdom

  28. Fuel Flexibility in Gas Turbines Other gas BIOMASS & COAL GASIFICATION High Hydrogen Refinery Gases Associated Gas 3.5 37 49 65 Landfill & Sewage Gas LPG Siemens Diffusion Operating Experience IPG Ceramics Off-shore rich gas Off-shore lean Well head gas Siemens DLE Units operating DLE Capability Under Development Pipeline Quality NG SIT Ltd. Definition Low Calorific Value (LCV) ‘’Normal’’ High Calorific Value (HCV) Medium Calorific Value (MCV) 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Wobbe Index (MJ/Nm³)

  29. SGT–300, Fuel Flexibility with Low EmissionsUniversity of New Hampshire (UNH) • 7.6 MW electrical power output • 35 MWth steam output • Overall CHP efficiency >77% • Tri-fuel: Nat Gas or Nat Gas/Landfill Gas blend (Gas Wobbe Index range 32 to 49 MJ/Nm3) or Liquid Fuel • Low Emissions to atmosphere: Nox > 15 ppmv • Ambient temperature: -28OC to +32OC The cogeneration plant provides:- • 95% of steam demand • 75% of electrical load • Fuel efficiency of nearly 80% • 30% reduction in Nox & 60% Sox

  30. SGT–300, Fuel Flexibility with Low EmissionsUniversity of New Hampshire (UNH)

  31. BBC Television Centre - London • BBC Television Centre, Wood Lane, London The Centre provides studio, production and office facilities for its operations in the UK and abroad. There is a continual demand for heating and electrical power from the offices, post-production areas, computer suites and studio lighting • The Scheme provides:- • electricity, heating and cooling for the complex • 4.9 MW electrical power is produced by a dual fuel, low emissions SGT-100-1S gas turbine. • Unfired waste heat steam generator produces 11,000 kg/h of 3.8 bar g steam. • Standby power ( Auto switch to Island Mode)

  32. Steam Output Steam Output Steam Output Air Air Air Forced Draught Fan Forced Draught Fan Forced Draught Fan Boiler Feed Water Exhaust Absorption Absorption Absorption Chiller Chiller Chiller Absorption Chiller BBC Television Centre - London Hot Standby Boiler Cold Standby Boilers Exhaust Import/Export From/To Grid Chilled Water Return Chilled Water Flow Steam Output By-pass Stack Peak Demand 7 MW 11 kV Power Output 4.15 MW SGT 100-1S Damper Make Up Water Water Conditioning Fuel Gas Input Boiler Feed Water

  33. SGT-400 Industrial Gas TurbineCHP Installation - Wastewater Treatment plant • Psyttalia 1 x SGT-400 generator set with WHRU In Commercial operation since 2007 • EU granted €40 million of funding for the Ministry of Public works to commission a new sludge-drying plant on the island , fuelled by natural gas

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