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DNA

DNA. Nucleic Acids. Roles in the storage, transmission and expression of genetic material DNA - deoxyribose + a phosphate group + a nitrogen containing base (purine and pyridamine) RNA - ribose + a phosphate group + a nitrogen containing base (purine and pyridamine).

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DNA

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  1. DNA

  2. Nucleic Acids • Roles in the storage, transmission and expression of genetic material • DNA - deoxyribose + a phosphate group + a nitrogen containing base (purine and pyridamine) • RNA - ribose + a phosphate group + a nitrogen containing base (purine and pyridamine)

  3. DNA - deoxyribose + a phosphate group + a nitrogen containing base (purine and pyridamine) • Pyridamines - cytosine (c) and thymine (t) • purines - guanine (g) and adenosine (a) • A=T • C=G

  4. Replication • Synaptic phase of interphase • DNA “unzips” • each side acts as a template to complete a new strand of DNA • each replicated stand consists of one new strand and one old strand - semiconservative replication

  5. Replication • …is never 100% accurate • always some variation • How does error occur? • Errors in somatic cells • Errors in gametes

  6. RNA • While DNA contains the genetic message it does not actually contain the information to cause the message to be expressed • RNA is the messenger • RNA synthesis similar to DNA

  7. Transcription • DNA “unzips” • RNA is synthesized using the DNA as a template except that thymine is replaced by uracil (A=U) • RNA detaches (single strand) • DNA reconnects as transcription is completed

  8. 3 types of RNA • Messenger RNA (RNAm) carries coded instructions for protein synthesis • Transfer RNA (RNAt) carries specific amino acids to ribosomes during protein assembly • Ribosomal RNA (RNAr) part of ribosomes

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