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One-with-Many Design: Estimation

One-with-Many Design: Estimation. David A. Kenny. What You Should Know. Introduction to the One-with-Many Design. Multilevel Analyses: Nonreciprocal Design. Each record a partner Levels Lower level: partner Upper level: focal person Random intercepts model (nonindependence)

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One-with-Many Design: Estimation

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  1. One-with-Many Design:Estimation David A. Kenny

  2. What You Should Know • Introduction to the One-with-Many Design

  3. Multilevel Analyses: Nonreciprocal Design • Each record a partner • Levels • Lower level: partner • Upper level: focal person • Random intercepts model (nonindependence) • Lower level effects can be random

  4. Data Analytic Approach for the Non-Reciprocal One-with-Many Design Estimate a basic multilevel model in which There are no fixed effects with a random intercept. Yij = b0j + eij b0j = a0 + dj Note the focal person is Level 2 and partners Level 1. MIXED outcome /FIXED = /PRINT = SOLUTION TESTCOV /RANDOM INTERCEPT | SUBJECT(focalid) COVTYPE(VC) . Could add predictors here.

  5. SPSS Output Fixed Effects Covariance Parameters So the actor variance is .791, and ICC is .791/(.791+1.212) = .395

  6. Fixed Effects: Nonreciprocal Design • Can add to the model • Focal person characteristics • Would be actor if 1PMT design • Would be partner if MP1T design • Partner characteristics • Would be partner if 1PMT design • Would be actor if MP1T design • Can be random: The coefficient may vary by focal person • Important to make zero interpretable

  7. Reciprocal One-with-Many Design Sources of nonindependence • More complex…

  8. Sources of Nonindependence in the Reciprocal Design • Individual-level effects for the focal person: • Actor & Partner variances • Actor-Partner correlation • Relationship effects • Dyadic reciprocity corelation

  9. Data Analytic Approach for Estimating Variances & Covariances: The Reciprocal Design Data Structure: Two records for each dyad; outcome is the same variable for focal person and partner. Variables to be created: role = 1 if data from focal person; -1 if from partner focalcode = 1 if data from focal person; 0 if from partner partcode = 1 if data from partner; 0 if from the focal person

  10. Data Analytic Approach for Estimating Variances & Covariances: The Reciprocal Design A fairly complex multilevel model… MIXED outcome BY role WITH focalcodepartcode /FIXED = focalcodepartcode | NOINT /PRINT = SOLUTION TESTCOV /RANDOM focalcodepartcode | SUBJECT(focalid) covtype(UNR) /REPEATED = role | SUBJECT(focalid*dyadid) COVTYPE(UNR).

  11. Example • Taken from Chapter 10 of Kenny, Kashy, & Cook (2006). • Focal person: mothers • Partners: father and two children • Outcome: how anxious the person feels with the other • Distinguishability of partners is ignored. .

  12. Output: Fixed Effects The estimates show the intercept is the mean of the ratings made by the mother (focalcode estimate is 1.808). The partcode estimate indicates the average outcome score across partners of the mother which is smaller than mothers’ anxiety. This difference is statistically significant.

  13. The relationship variance for the partners is .549. (Role = -1) and for mothers (Role = 1) is .423. • The correlation of the two relationship effects is .24: If the mother is particularly anxious with a particular family member, that member is particularly anxious with the mother. • Var(1) (focalcode is the first listed random variable) is the actor variance of mothers and is .208. • Var(2) is the partner variance for mothers (how much anxiety she tends to elicit across family members) and is .061. (p = .012; p values for variances in SPSS are cut in half).

  14. Output: Nonindependence • The ICC for actor is .208/(.208+.423) = .330 and the ICC for partner is .061/(.061+.549) = .100. • The actor partner correlation is .699, so if mothers are anxious with family members, they are anxious with her.

  15. Fixed Effects: Reciprocal Design • Two ways to think about fixed effects • Standard way • Focal person characteristics (fx) • Partner characteristics (px) • APIM way (the same variable must be measured for the focal person and partners) • Actor characteristics (ax) • Partner characteristics (ptx)

  16. Fixed Effects: Reciprocal Design /FIXED = focalcodepartcodefX*focalcode fX*partcodepX*focalcodepX* partcode| NOINT or /FIXED = focalcodepartcodeaX*focalcode aX*partcodeptX*focalcodeptX*partcode| NOINT Note: fX*focalcode = aX*focalcode fX*partcode = ptX*partcode pX*focalcode = ptX*focalcode pX*partcode = aX*partcode

  17. Conclusion http://davidakenny.net/doc/onewithmanyrecip.pdf Thanks to Deborah Kashy Reading: Chapter 10 in Dyadic Data Analysis by Kenny, Kashy, and Cook

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