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Important Terms

Important Terms. Two Terms to know: Positionally: A reference to one’s position in relationship to something else. Experientially: A reference to one’s experience in relationship to something else. Review of the Introduction to The Epistle of James.

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Important Terms

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  1. Important Terms Two Terms to know: • Positionally: A reference to one’s position in relationship to something else. • Experientially: A reference to one’s experience in relationship to something else.

  2. Review of theIntroduction to The Epistle of James Author: GodWriter: James (brother of Jesus)Time Period: ~45-50 A.D.Written To: Believing Jews scattered from Jerusalem because of persecution.

  3. Review of theIntroduction to The Epistle of James James deals with one topic which he addresses through four evidences. • True Spirituality: a. Faith in action. b. Self-Control. c. Unselfish, Generous, Impartial, Patient. d. Submits to God through Prayer. James teaches what True Spirituality means, and also teaches the mechanics needed in order to be “Truly Spiritual.”

  4. Review of pistewV pistewV faith pistewVis a feminine noun which means, “complete dependency, based on response.” It identifies a relationship between two or more objects or persons in which one of the objects or persons is completely dependent upon the other for some thing or action. i.e.: Sitting in a chair.

  5. Model of Humanity Model of Humanity which Christ showed. God (The Father) Initiates Mankind Responds

  6. Review: Human Viewpoint vs. Divine Viewpoint Human Viewpoint (Sight-based): A process of thought or manner of thinking which is based on data perceived and developed by the human senses within the realms of this human world system. Divine Viewpoint (Faith-based): A process of thought or manner of thinking which is based upon dependence upon Spiritual Truth Doctrines of God’s World System.

  7. The Faith-Rest Technique The Faith-Rest Technique is the act of relying upon God’s promises and doctrines through faith during circumstances which are humanly difficult or trying. This is an ability that believers are to develop and practice. It requires knowledge of God’s Promises and application of Bible doctrine. The Faith-Rest technique allows the believer to rest in faith upon God because of His promises and doctrines despite the degree of difficulty of his circumstances.

  8. Review of Trials & Tribulation (Part 11.1) “Blessed is a man who perseveres under trial; for once he has been approved, he will receive the crown of life which the Lord has promised to those who love Him.” James 1:12

  9. Review of Trials & Tribulation (Part 11.1) “Man possessing inner happinesses: the one who really performs the action to remain under something which attempts to learn the character or nature of him through evaluation, because really participating in the action of becoming into a state of existence as genuine through transition from one state into another as a matter of principle and as the result of testing… James 1:12a

  10. Review of Trials & Tribulation (Part 11.1) There are two parts which we have previously identified: 1. The man who remains under trials, which are attempting to learn his character through evaluation is the one who possesses inner happinesses. This is a reference to a believer who is implementing Trial & Tribulation Protocol successfully during their trial.

  11. Review of Trials & Tribulation(Part 11.1) There are two parts which we have previously identified: 2. The one who remains under trials is participating in the act of becoming genuine in reference to righteousness through spiritual maturation. Genuine righteousness is the spiritual product of remaining under trials in complete dependency upon God using Bible Doctrine having previously been studied.

  12. Review Sidenote 1 To be “more like Christ” is to experientially participate in your spiritual development by God through dependence upon Him and His Word in and out of every moment. “Man does not live on bread alone, but on every word that proceeds out of the mouth of God.” Matthew 4:4

  13. Review Sidenote 1 “Man does not live on bread alone, but on every word that proceeds out of the mouth of God.” Matthew 4:4 The Greek words used to translate the English phrase, “every word” are pantirhma (pronounced, “pahn-tee rae-ma”). The phrase literally means, “every single word” with rhma referring to the technical characteristics of each word. It is, therefore, not the “spirit of the law, but the letter.”

  14. Review of Trials & Tribulation (Part 11.1) There are two parts which we have previously identified: 1. The man who remains under trials, which are attempting to learn his character through evaluation is the one who possesses inner happinesses. 2. The one who remains under trials is participating in the act of becoming genuine in reference to righteousness through spiritual maturation.

  15. Trials & Tribulation (Part 11.2) “Blessed is a man who perseveres under trial; for once he has been approved, he will receive the crown of life, which the Lord has promised to those who love Him.” James 1.12

  16. Trials & Tribulation (Part 11.2) Part two of our study of James 1:12 picks up with the verb lhmyetai (pronounced “laem-pseh-tai”). lhmyetai he will receive This is a future middle indicative verb which means, “to take hold of something.” Thus, it is an action which requires an object.

  17. Trials & Tribulation (Part 11.2) lhmyetai he will receive This is a future middle indicative verb which means, “to take hold of something.” The subject of the verb, that is the one doing the acting, is the dokimoVgenomenoV from part 1 of our study on verse 12.

  18. Trials & Tribulation (Part 11.2) dokimoVgenomenoV approved once he has been Literally, “the one participating in the action of becoming into a state of existence as genuine through transition from one state into another as a result of testing, and as a matter of principle.”

  19. Trials & Tribulation (Part 11.2) Literally, “the one participating in the action of becoming into a state of existence as genuine through transition from one state into another as a result of testing, and as a matter of principle.” This human is: 1. A believer in Christ as his savior. 2. Dependent upon God and His Word. 3. Participating in His spiritual maturation. He is the one who is “taking hold of something.”

  20. Trials & Tribulation (Part 11.2) lhmyetai he will receive Remember, lhmysetai is a future middle indicative verb which tells us much about this action of “taking hold of something.”

  21. Tense in Koine Greek Tense is used to identify the type of action in Koine Greek more so than the time of action. There are many tenses and combinations of tenses. Simply described, the future tense identifies a future type of action. An action which will occur at some point which has yet to come. lhmyetaiis a future tense verb which means, “to take hold of something at a point in time in the future.” Time of statement Occurrence of action

  22. Voice in Koine Greek Voice is used in Koine Greek to express how the subject operates in relationship to the verb. There are three types of voice in Koine Greek: • Active Voice – the subject performs the action. • Middle Voice – the subject participates in the action. • Passive Voice – the subject is acted upon by the action. “lhmyetai” is in the middle voice. This identifies the subject as one who “participates in the action of taking hold of something.”

  23. Mood in Koine Greek Mood is used in Koine Greek to establish the atmosphere of an action or state of being. There are four types of mood in Koine Greek: • Indicative Mood- identifies reality • Optative Mood- identifies desire • Imperative Mood- identifies command • Subjunctive Mood- identifies possibility “lhmyetai” is in the Indicative Mood. This identifies it as being reality.

  24. Trials & Tribulation (Part 11.2) lhmyetai he will receive Our expanded translation of lhmyetai is, “he really participates in the action of taking hold of something at a point in time in the future.” Our believer depending completely upon God and His Word in and out every moment is “really participating in the action of taking hold of something at a point in time in the future.”

  25. Trials & Tribulation (Part 11.2) ton stefanonthV zwhV the crown of life The object which is really being taken hold of in the future is identified as ton stefanonthV zwhV (pronounced, “ton steph-ah-non taeszoh-aes”), literally, “the crown the life.” There are a number of crowns mentioned in Scripture. However, there are two basic types of crowns in which these numerous crowns may be categorized.

  26. Trials & Tribulation (Part 11.2) Types of Crowns: 1. diadhma – the king’s crown. A crown made of metal and gems which is designed to signify royal status (includes honor because of authority). 2. stefanoV – the runner’s crown. A wreath designed to be worn upon the head as an award or honor. It typically signified achievement or accomplishment.

  27. Trials & Tribulation (Part 11.2) stefanoV crowns were given out to victors of Greek games, were worn by dancers in celebration of accomplishment, and are mentioned in Scripture as awards for the believer who accomplishes spiritual achievements. The Three stefanoV crowns Scripture clearly identifies are: 1. The Crown of Righteousness (I Tim. 4:8) 2. The Crown of Glory (I Peter 5:4) 3. The Crown of Life (James 1.12; Rev 2:10)

  28. Trials & Tribulation (Part 11.2) The Crown of Righteousness: “I have fought the good fight, I have finished the course, I have kept the faith; in the future there is laid up for me the crown of righteousness, which the Lord, the righteous Judge, will award me on that day; and not only to me, but also to all who have loved His appearing.” 2 Timothy 4:7-8

  29. Trials & Tribulation (Part 11.2) The Crown of Righteousness is awarded to the believer who follows God’s course for his or her life. The word “righteousness” is from the Greek word dikaiosunh(pronounced, “di-kai-o-soo-nae”) which means “conformity to the specifications of the blueprint.” When a believer follows God’s directive will for his life he receives the Crown of Righteousness. To do this we must be in fellowship with God’s will for our life.

  30. Trials & Tribulation (Part 11.2) Ephesians 5:18 says, “Do not be drunk with wine, for that is dissipation, but be filled with the Holy Spirit.” The word translated as “filled” in English is the Greek word, plhrousqe (pronounced, “plae-roos-theh”). It means, “saturated to the point of control.” For example, a sponge.

  31. Trials & Tribulation (Part 11.2) “Be saturated to the point of control with the Holy Spirit”

  32. Trials & Tribulation (Part 11.2) In order to conform to God’s will for your life you must be saturated to the point of control with the Holy Spirit. This comes from submission to God and His Word, through death to oneself. “If anyone wishes to come after Me, he must deny himself, and take up his cross daily and follow me.” Luke 9:23

  33. Trials & Tribulation (Part 11.2) The Crown of Glory: “And when the Chief Shepherd appears, you will receive the unfading crown of glory.” 1 Peter 5:4

  34. Trials & Tribulation (Part 11.2) The Crown of Glory is awarded to the believer who has developed spiritual maturity. “Glory” is translated from the Greek word, doxeV(pronounced, “dox-es”), which means, “honor resulting from a good opinion based on character.” The believer’s character is dependent upon his spiritual maturity. Thus, the Crown of Glory is awarded to the believer through application of biblical principles and doctrines.

  35. Trials & Tribulation (Part 11.2) The Crown of Life: “Blessed is a man who perseveres under trial; for once he has been approved, he will receive the crown of life which the Lord has promised to those who love Him. James 1:12 “…Be faithful until death, and I will give you the crown of life.” Revelation 2:10

  36. Trials & Tribulation (Part 11.2) The Crown of Life is acquired through the development of the faith-rest technique. The faith-rest technique is the believer’s ability to rest in complete dependency upon God during trying circumstances. The believer is able to do this because of God’s promises. This crown is awarded to the believer who believes God’s promises and rests in faith upon them throughout his circumstances.

  37. Trials & Tribulation (Part 11.2) The Crown of Life is the crown which James says belongs to the man who is transitioning from an unrighteous state to a genuinely righteous state as a result of testing. However, this is contingent, or dependent, upon the believer resting in faith upon the Word and promises of God relative to trials and tribulation. Resting in faith upon God and His promises brings stability to the believer’s life and allows spiritual maturity to be developed.

  38. Trials & Tribulation (Part 11.2) Summary of the three crowns: 1. The Crown of Righteousness will be awarded based on the time you spend under the control of the Holy Spirit. 2. The Crown of Glory will be based on your reflection of Christ as a result of your development of spiritual maturity. 3. The Crown of Life will be awarded on the basis of your overcoming circumstances through the faith-rest technique.

  39. Trials & Tribulation (Part 11.2) James says the man resting in faith upon God’s Word in His relationship with God is participating in the action of acquiring for himself the crown of life at a point in time in the future. The Greek grammar indicates (through the use of the participle tense) that the action of the believer becoming genuinely righteous through faith-rest must occur prior to the action of the taking hold of the crown.

  40. Participles in Koine Greek Participles in Koine Greek are hybrids, comprised of both adjectival qualities and verbal qualities. This being the case, participles are identified as verbal adjectives. Or, adjectives which define or describe a subject based upon an action. They are often times used without a noun (substantively), which can cause confusion to the English reader who looks for a subject in the form of a noun. From the participle the Bible student can ascertain the order of actions in a given text, as well as principles of operation within the divine world system (kosmoVQeoV).

  41. Aorist Participle Tense in Koine Greek The Tense of the Participle expresses when the action of the participle occurs in relationship to the action of the main verb, either antecedent (prior to), simultaneous (at the same time), or subsequent (afterward). When an aorist participle is used in conjunction with an aorist main verb, the expression is simultaneous. In all other cases, except where context demands otherwise, the aorist participle expresses action antecedent to the main verb.

  42. Trials & Tribulation (Part 11.2) Aorist Participle Future Main Verb genomenoVlhmyetai once he has been he will receive Because genomenoV is an aorist participle, and lhmyetai is a future main verb, the action of becoming genuinely righteous occurs prior to the action of taking hold of the crown of life. Both of these actions are middle voice, identifying that the subject participates in both actions.

  43. Trials & Tribulation (Part 11.2) on ephggeilato Which the Lord has promised The believer can expect to receive the crown of life as a result of the faith-rest technique due to the promise of God. on (pronounced, “on”) is a relative pronoun which means “the one which.” It is a different form of the same word referring to “the one who” remains under trials” from part 1 of verse 12. This refers to an object because of the accusative case. That object is the Crown of Life (also in the accusative case).

  44. Trials & Tribulation (Part 11.2) on ephggeilato Which the Lord has promised ephggeilato (pronounced, “ehp-aen-gei-lah-to”) is a verb which means, “to declare to do something with implication of obligation to accomplish it.” “The Lord” is in italics in your Bible’s because it is not in the original manuscript text. However, the implication is that Jesus is the One who has made the promise and obligated Himself to fulfill it (cf. 1 Cor. 3:11-15)

  45. Trials & Tribulation (Part 11.2) thVagapwsinautouTo thosewho love Him. thVagapwsin(pronounced, “taes ah-gah-poh-sin”) is a reference to believers. It literally means “the [one’s] performing the action of loving.” The object being loved is autou (pronounced, “ow-too”). It means, “him” and is a reference to the promiser, Jesus, the Lord.

  46. Trials & Tribulation (Part 11.2) thVagapwsinautouTo thosewho love Him. thVagapwsinautouis used as a reference to believers who agapaw Jesus. agapaw (pronounced, “ah-gah-pa-oh”), is the same love with which God loved humanity (John 3:16). It is “unconditional love which manifests itself in giving regardless of the response it receives.” agapwsin is an present participle.

  47. Trials & Tribulation (Part 11.2) Present ParticipleAorist Main Verb agapwsinephggeilatothe ones loving The Lord promised Because the main verb is in the aorist tense and the participle is in the present tense, the grammar identifies that the promise was made prior to the action of the participle.

  48. Participles in Koine Greek Participles in Koine Greek are hybrids, comprised of both adjectival qualities and verbal qualities. This being the case, participles are identified as verbal adjectives. Or, adjectives which define or describe a subject based upon an action. They are often times used without a noun (substantively), which can cause confusion to the English reader who looks for a subject in the form of a noun. From the participle the Bible student can ascertain the order of actions in a given text, as well as principles of operation within the divine world system (kosmoVQeoV).

  49. Present Participle Tense in Koine Greek The Tense of the Participle expresses when the action of the participle occurs in relationship to the action of the main verb, either antecedent (prior to), simultaneous (at the same time), or subsequent (afterward). When present participle is used in conjunction with an aorist main verb, the expression is subsequent. The action of the main verb occurs prior to the action of the present participle.

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