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American History. Chapter 5.2 The Age of Jackson. Missouri Compromise. The Union had 11 free states and 11 slave states. There was a balance of political power. Missouri wanted to be admitted as a slave state. Missouri Compromise. Maine also wanted to be admitted as a state – a free state.
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American History Chapter 5.2 The Age of Jackson
Missouri Compromise The Union had 11 free states and 11 slave states. • There was a balance of political power. Missouri wanted to be admitted as a slave state.
Missouri Compromise Maine also wanted to be admitted as a state – a free state. Henry Clay (Kentucky) helped form a compromise. • Missouri would be a slave state. • Maine would be a free state. • BUT no more slavery above the 36 ͦ30’ The balance of power would stay the same. 1820
The election of 1824(4 Republicans were running) Andrew Jackson won the popular vote. Andrew Jackson led in the electoral vote . . . The election had to be decided by the House of Representatives. . . . but he didn’t have the necessary majority.
The election of 1824 (2) Clay When the election was thrown into the House of Representatives, Henry Clay threw his votes to John Quincy Adams. *Clay hoped that Adams would support his “American System.” • Adams won the election. • He made Clay the new Secretary of State.
“corrupt bargain” Jackson and his followers believed that JQA and Clay had made a deal: Clay would help JQA become president, and JQA would give him a job as Secretary of State. Name-calling followed . . .
“the People’s President” • Portrayed himself as a “common man” (and criticized Adams as out-of-touch, an aristocrat, untrustworthy) • Many first-time voters in the West and South supported him. • Nicknamed “Old Hickory” –after a frontier hardwood 1828 Andrew Jackson
“the People’s President” (2) • Invited common people to his inauguration • Used the spoils system to fill government jobs • His followers used a national convention to choose presidential candidates. More democracy for more people • 1st Democratic president
Spoils System Jackson appointed people to government jobs if they were loyal to the party. He believed it kept a small group of wealthy men from controlling government year after year.
Indian Removal Act • White farmers wanted Native American land. The Indian Removal Act took Native Americans off of their (good) farmland, and they had to move to Oklahoma.
Jackson & the Supreme Court Chief Justice John Marshall “King” Andrew Jackson It’s the job of the President to enforce the law, but Jackson ignored the ruling of the Supreme Court. “Marshall has made his opinion, now let him enforce it.” A.J. • The Cherokee Indians appealed to the Supreme Court. • The Court (led by John Marshall) supported their right to control their land. • The Court ordered the states to leave Native American property alone.
Trail of Tears The President sent the army to remove the Cherokee people from their homes. • 2,000 died in camps while waiting to be moved to reservations in the West. • 2,000 more died on the journey of starvation, disease, and exposure to the cold.
Jackson and the Bank Jackson hated the Second Bank of the United States. He believed the stockholders were too powerful. Jackson killed the bank by taking out the government’s money.
Jackson and the Nullification Crisis • Congress passed a high tariff in 1828. • South Carolina objected because they imported many manufactured goods from England. Imports became too expensive. • South Carolina threatened to secede (pull out) from the Union. . . • South Carolina voted to nullify the tariff law. Treason?!?
Whigs Not everyone liked President Jackson! People who opposed him formed a new political party.
The first Whig President Shortest term He died of pneumonia a month after taking office. William Henry Harrison
