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Chemical Reactions and Enzymes

Chemical Reactions and Enzymes. Do Now. Ice melting in the Arctic at record pace So what? Why is the entire world jockeying for this melted territory?. Homework. Answer Questions 1-7 of the Chapter 2 Assessment. Review.

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Chemical Reactions and Enzymes

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  1. Chemical Reactions and Enzymes

  2. Do Now Ice melting in the Arctic at record pace So what? Why is the entire world jockeying for this melted territory?

  3. Homework • Answer Questions 1-7 of the Chapter 2 Assessment

  4. Review • Because Carbon has 4 valence electrons, it can create strong covalent bonds with other elements • Bonds can be: • Single • Double • Triple

  5. Review • These are massive amounts of molecules. • Formed by polymerization • Combining small compounds to create larger ones • Smaller ones – monomers • Larger – Polymers • Divided into four categories

  6. Review • Carbohydrates • Lipids • Nucleic acids • Proteins • Where do we see these in everyday life?

  7. Carbohydrates • Simple sugars – Monosaccharides • Galactose – milk • Fructose – fruit Complex Sugars • Marcromolocules created from monosaccharides

  8. Lipids • Fats, oils and waxes • Not soluble in water • Used to store energy

  9. Saturated/Unsaturated Lipids • SATURATED • Carbon joined by a single bond with hydrogen • Maximum number of Hydrogen bonds • UNSATURATED • At least 1 carbon double bond

  10. Nucleic Acid • Macromolecule • Hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon and phosphorus • Transmits and stores genetic information • 2 kinds of nucleic acid: • DNA and RNA

  11. Protein • Contain nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen and oxygen • ACTION • For important cellular structures • Transport substances in and out of cells to fight disease

  12. Chemical Reactions • Changes one set of chemicals to another • Involve changes in the chemical bonds that join atoms in compounds. • What can be applied to a set of chemicals that can change their shape? • How can you change waters shape?

  13. Enzyme • Catalyst – Speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction • Less energy needed to be applied to create reaction Example oxidation of hydrocarbons in automobile exhausts Catalyst: copper(II) oxide, vanadium(V) oxide, platinum, palladium

  14. Homework • Answer Questions 1-7 of the Chapter 2 Assessment

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