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Indoor air pollution and family health

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Indoor air pollution and family health

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    1. Indoor air pollution and family health Kathleen K Davis MD June 29-30, 2008

    2. How much problem? 2.4 billion people cooking with indoor fires 1.6 million deaths world wide each year

    3. How much problem in Guatemala? Percent of population cooking with solid fuel cooking fires World 52% Latin America 16% Guatemala??? 20% 40% 60% 80%

    4. Guatemala 62% Santa Lucia 63% Haiti>95%

    5. What is in the smoke? Carbon Monoxide = CO Small particles Cancer causing gases Sulfur oxides from coal Formaldehyde AND MORE

    6. Baby in the womb Mother Anemia Multiple births Nutritional deficiency in iron Worms Diarrhea Infected water Breathes smoke with CO Less oxygen for baby CO in baby’s brain IT ALL ADDS UP TO Likely low birth weight baby

    7. Low birth weight baby More prone to infection Harder to catch up, needs extra supplements More likely to die

    8. Baby 0-1 year old Will she live? On mother’s back Breathing Smoke particles PM10 300-3000 US standard=50/ hour Respiratory tract infections 37% baby deaths due to pneumonia from breathing smoke

    9. Pneumonia

    10. How will she learn? Her brain on carbon monoxide Decreased oxygen to brain Increased mortality Brain cell damage Decreased learning capacity? Malnutrition from diet and infections Anemia Diarrhea It may all add up to slower to learn

    11. Childhood Asthma, lung infections Burns Falling into fires Falling pots Eye diseases Poor school performance Decreased education Back to poverty cycle

    12. Burns

    13. Burns San Marcos area 504 rural homes with indoor cooking fires Half got indoor vented stoves 12 months, burns decreased by half >18 months- 6 yo with planchas. Children under 18 months same number of burns Without cooing stoves: fell into fire With cooking stoves, scalded by touching Education needed

    14. Baby’s Mom Turkey 74 housewives with lung disease in hospital 74 w/o lung disease Same age, religion and neighborhoods nonsmokers Chance of serious long term lung disease 6.5 times if >30 years exposure to ICF 5 times if exposed to cigarette smoke A Case-Control Study on the Effect of Exposure to Different Substances on the Development of COPD .  Sezer , I . Akkurt , N . Guler , K . Marakoglu , S . Berk Annals of Epidemiology , Volume 16 , Issue 1 , Pages 59 - 62 H .

    15. Mayan women in Guatemala exposed to Indoor Cooking Fires 350 Mayan-Indian women 15-50 yr old life long exposure Cough 22% Sputum 15.1% Wheezing 25% Chest tightness 34%

    16. Lots of evidence for under 5 y.o.: Pneumonia Other respiratory infections Chronic carbon monoxide exposure >30 years exposure Lots of evidence serious lung disease Indoor cooking fires

    17. Good evidence >30 yrs Lung cancer Cataracts TB Asthma

    18. What helps What works

    19. Outdoor Cooking Fires South Africa 2 villages compared 200 and 100 households Measured indoor vs outdoor CO levels in kids Number cooking outdoors after specific education CO levels 89% less with outdoor fires

    20. Reasons to cook outside Health Impress investigators Higher social status Increased clothing for warmth Stayed close to fires Used candles for light in huts

    21. Barriers to cooking outdoors No heating benefit Indoor smoke not harmful Tradition: previous generations cook indoors without problems

    22. Mom and Daughter Efficient ventilated stoves 75% less fuel Less time gathering fuel Less expense More time and money for school for daughter More time and money for mom for Child care Safe food prep and water preparation Income producing work Improved health & ability for family to earn income

    23. Mom and family’s world Less destruction of forests Less mudslides, flooding Biofuels from renewable sources Local industry

    24. Impact World Wide Top 4 contributers to WW disease burden???

    25. Top 4 Malnutrition

    26. Top 4 Malnutrition Unsafe sex

    27. Top 4 Malnutrition Unsafe sex Dirty water

    28. Top 4 Malnutrition Unsafe sex Dirty water Indoor air pollution

    29. Thank you, Gracias Comments Questions Ideas to share

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