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Fetal Stages and Development

Learn about fetal development stages from fertilization to birth, including pregnancy symptoms, tests, and mom's changes. Discover contraception methods and STD prevention.

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Fetal Stages and Development

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  1. Fetal Stages and Development 3rd Period

  2. The female version of gametogenesis. • The formation, development, and maturation of an ovum • The first part of oogenasis starts in the germinal epithelium Oogenesis

  3. Process by which sperm are made • Spermotogonia create spermatocyte through mitosis • These undergo meiosis to make spermatid • Start in seminiferous tubules, mature in epidermis • From puberty until death Spermatagenesis

  4. Occurs in the fallopian tube where sperm meets the egg • The sperm then fuses with the egg creating a membrane that doesn’t allow any other sperm to enter the egg • Now called a zygote • If Y chromosome on sperm then it is a boy if X chromosome on sperm then it is a girl Fertilization

  5. One egg is transported into the fallopian tubes • The egg becomes fertilizedand moves to the uterus • The woman needs to have a preconception visit with obgyn to become aware of risks and complications during pregnancy • Once egg and sperm join together, an embryo develops • Layer of cells outside will be the placenta • Layers of inner cells will be the embryo itself • Women should take at home pregnancy tests before getting officially tested at doctors • Morning sickness First 4 weeks

  6. Baby: • Tiny, yet it has a heart, brain, spinal cord, muscle and bones are beginning to develop. • The placenta & the amniotic sac is continuing to form. • The umbilical cord forms and connects the baby to the mother’s blood supply. Mom: • Start to suspect pregnancy if she has not yet figured it out. • Might notice early symptoms such as: nausea, soreness in breasts, need to pee more often and feeling more tired than usual. Second Month

  7. Baby • Bones begin to ossify/harden • Size of peanut • Fully formed • Eyes are large and open • External ears have formed • External genitalia begin to differentiate, yet it is difficult to distinguish between a girl or boy without a genetic screening • Now called a fetus • Lose their tail • Mom • Symptoms: feels nauseated, mood swings, food cravings, weight gain, heart burns • Requires a lot of calciumand nutrients • Stretch marks may begin to form • People still won’t notice pregnancy, not enough weight is gained yet Third Month

  8. Baby: • Lateral fissures begin to form • Visual cortex develops • Baby starts making insulin & bile • Sensory and auditory system is developing Mom: • Changes in skin, breasts, veins • Heart is working twice as hard • Breathless and fatigue easier • Abdomen starts to bulge Tests: • Ultrasound to determine gender, look at nervous system, limbs, heartbeat • Alpha-fetoprotein & amniocentesis tests to determine chromosome abnormalities Fourth Month

  9. Growth Spurt! • Grows to as much as 12” long and 1 lb. Grows fingernails and hair • Bodily hair covering called “laungo” is evident at this point • Surrounded by lotion-like liquid layer, “vernix” • Heartbeat is clearly heard on a stethoscope and kicking begins during this month. Fifth Month

  10. Baby is 7-8 inches long • Weighs anywhere from 10-12 ounces morning sickness subsides • Ankles swell • Baby gains fat • Mom gains 10-14 lbs • Pregnancy is visible • Skin begins stretching Sixth Month

  11. Seventh Month

  12. Baby can hear distinct sounds, familiar voices and music. • At 32 weeks pregnant you still experience some of the normal symptoms. • The baby is practicing opening his eyes and breathing • Uterus fills a large part of abdomen • Weekly visits to practitioner (ultrasound) • Baby weighs almost four pounds Eighth Month

  13. Baby has fully developed lungs and is practicing blinking • Baby’s brain is developing quickly • Arm and leg muscles are strong and toenails/fingernails are in place • Moms uterus has filled the pelvis and most of the abdomen pushing everything out of the way • Pelvic exams and screening tests Last Month

  14. Contraception is the effectiveness of birth control methods. This is very important in reducing the risk of unintentional pregnancies and std prevention. • Examples Birth Control Male and female condoms etc. Contraception Methods

  15. Infections passed from person to person during sexual contact • May not be any symptoms for some • Many kinds of STD’s • Preventions: safe-sex get tested and vaccines • Types: HIV/AIDS Hepititis B Warts CMV etc • Symptoms: Burning discharge itching sores on genitals vaginal bleeding or pain during intercourse pain in lower abdomen pr testicles • Doing nothing puts you at risk • You can become infertile or have ectopic pregnacies cervical cancer or infect baby STD’s

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