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Advanced Placement United States History. Chapters Fourteen/Fifteen Kennedy /Cohen /Bailey The American Pageant Lecture Outline. Changes in the U.S. as of 1850. Half of Population Below 30 23 Million People in U.S.A. 43 Cities over 20,000 People
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Advanced Placement United States History Chapters Fourteen/Fifteen Kennedy /Cohen /Bailey The American Pageant Lecture Outline
Changes in the U.S. as of 1850 • Half of Population Below 30 • 23 Million People in U.S.A. • 43 Cities over 20,000 People • 1 Million Immigrants per Decade • Roman Catholics have become the Largest Denomination
Changes in the U.S. Heavy Immigration from Germany and Ireland Frightened “Nativists” Worried about Cultural Pollution Order of the Star-Spangled Banner Know-Nothing or American Party
Know-Nothing Party Platform • Anti-Catholic, Anti-Immigrant • Demanded 21-Year Residency for Naturalized Citizenship • Political Office Restricted to Native Born Citizens • Supported Legal Restrictions on Alcohol Consumption
Industrial Revolution U.S. Slow To Industrialize
Industrial Revolution U.S. Slow To Industrialize • Landownership so easy, few want to work in factories, prefer farming • 1850 – farm production more valuable than industrial production • Too few workers for industrialization • Too little capital to build factories • Too small a consumer market to support industrialization
American Factory System Samuel Slater Moses Brown Samuel Slater New England as anIndustrial Center
American Factory System Cotton Gin Interchangeable Parts Eli Whitney New England as anIndustrial Center
American Factory System Isaac Singer Cyrus McCormick Samuel Morse Sewing Machine Mower Reaper Telegraph
American Factory System Massachusetts Commonwealth v Hunt Lancaster Turnpike National Road (Cumberland Road)
American Factory System Robert Fulton – Steam Boats The Clermont
The Erie Canal Completed 1825 DeWitt Clinton, Governor of New York
Continental Economy • East Supplies Manufactured Goods for Needs of West & South • West Supplies Grain & Livestock to Feed South and East • South Supplies Cotton for Textile Mills of the East & Export to Europe Henry Clay’s American System
2nd Great Awakening Western New York State called “The Burnt Over District” Methodists & Baptists Frontier Churches Peter Cartwright Methodist Circuit Rider
2nd Great Awakening Women Take Leadership Roles in Church Organization Charles Grandison Finny
2nd Great Awakening Congregationalists, Unitarians Episcopal Church, Presbyterians Upper Classes, Educated Baptists & Methodists Lower Classes Frontier , West, & South
2nd Great Awakening Anti-Slavery Split the Baptists, Presbyterians, Methodists into Northern & Southern Churches Adventists or Millerites October 22, 1842
2nd Great Awakening Mormons or Church of the Latter Day Saints Utah Joseph Smith Brigham Young
2nd Great Awakening Reform Movements: Public Education Horace Mann – Massachusetts Women’s Education Emma Willard – Troy Female Seminary Horace Mann Emma Willard
2nd Great Awakening Reform Movements: Women’s Education Mary Lyon – Mount Holyoke SeminaryOberlin College– Women AdmittedDorothea Dix – Improved Mental Health Care in Massachusetts Dorothea Dix Mary Lyon
Women’s Rights “Cult of Domesticity” Lucretia Mott London Anti-slavery Convention Elizabeth Cady Stanton Elizabeth Cady Stanton Lucretia Mott
Women’s Rights Seneca Falls Women’s Rights Convention of 1848 Susan B. Anthony Declaration of Sentiments “We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men and women are created equal….”
Women’s Rights Sarah & Angelina Grimke Women’s Rights and Abolition Sarah Angelina
Women’s Rights Amelia Bloomer Freedom in Clothing Amelia Bloomer Bloomer Pants
Communal LIfestyles New Harmony Indiana, 1825 Oneida Community, New York State, 1848 Robert Owen
Communal LIfestyles Shakers United Society of Believers in Christ’s Second Appearing Founded 1772 Mother Ann Lee
Communal LIfestyles Shakers
Communal LIfestyles Shakers
Science Thomas Jefferson - plow John J. Audubon – naturalist, birds Lewis Agassiz – biology John J. Audubon
Art Architecture – Greek Revival Thomas Jefferson
Art Gilbert Stuart – Charles W. Peale Portraits of Famous Americans Stuart’s Washington Peale’s Jefferson
Art Gilbert Stuart – Charles W. Peale Portraits of Famous Americans Stuart’s Washington Peale’s Jefferson
Art John Trumbull Revolutionary War Battles Washington Before Trenton by Trumbull
Art Hudson Valley School Artists Focused on Romanic Landscape
Literature Kickerbocker GroupDutch Heritage of New York State Washington Irving “Legend of Sleepy Hollow”
Literature James Fenimore Cooper “Leather Stockings Tales “ Last of the Mohicans Natty Bumppo William Cullen Bryant Poety – “Thanatopsis”
Literature Ralph Waldo Emerson “The American Scholar” Henry David Thoreau “On the Duty of Civil Disobedience” Walt Whitman Leaves of Grass
Literature Emily Dickinson Poetry Edgar Allen Poe “The Raven” “The Fall of the House of Usher”
Literature Nathaniel Hawthorne The Scarlet Letter “Young Goodman Brown” “The Minister’s Black Veil” Herman MelvilleMoby Dick
Cited: Industrialization 1 - www.coe.ilstu.edu/ seat/UD/intunit.htm Isaac Singer - http://e3.uci.edu/clients/bjbecker/SpinningWeb/singerporta.jpg McCormick 1 - www.vahistorical.org/ sva2003/mccormick.htm McCormick 2 - www.pbs.org/.../features/ see_it_now/45.124.html Clermont – http://archive.ncsa.uiuc.edu/Cyberia/RiverWeb/Projects/Ambot/TECH/crlmt2.jpg Isaac Singer - http://www.rootsweb.com/~nyrensse/Singer.gif Samuel Morse - http://www.ausbcomp.com/~bbott/wik/smorbrad.jpg Samuel Morse 2 - http://www.onlinekunst.de/aprilzwei/27/foto_morse.jpg Samuel Slater - http://www.nmsi.ac.uk/piclib/imagerecord.asp?id=10305592 Samuel Slater 2 - http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://etc.usf.edu/clipart/900/929/Slater_1_lg.gif&imgrefurl=http://etc.usf.edu/clipart/900/929/Slater_1.htm&h=700&w=560&sz=69&tbnid=GjWlBAYUFngJ:&tbnh=137&tbnw=110&start=2&prev=/images%3Fq%3DSamuel%2BSlater%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26ie%3DUTF-8%26sa%3DN Slater Mill - www.ou.edu/.../ 1858andallthat.htm Eli Whitney - www.eliwhitney.org/ inventor.htm DeWitt Clinton - www.eriecanal.org/ UnionCollege/Clinton.html Erie Canal - http://www.uh.edu/engines/erieboat.jpg Pony Express - http://www.nps.gov/poex/hrs/images/fig5.jpg Pony Express 1 - http://www.rivertrailonline.org/express011024.jpg Peter Cartwright - http://www.cantonbaptist.org/halloffame/images/cartwright.jpg Joseph Smith - www.pbs.org/ americanprophet/joseph-smith.html Brigham Young - ghostdepot.com/rg/ history/utah%20history.htm
Cited: Horace Mann - http://www.pbs.org/merrow/tv/trust/images/mann.jpg Horace Mann 2 - http://wwwman.lkwash.wednet.edu/Who_was_Horace_Mann_files/image002.jpg Horace Mann 3 – http://www.antioch-college.edu/antiochiana/Mann.jpg Emma Willard – 2 - http://www.rootsweb.com/~nyrensse/willard2.jpg Emma Willard - www.lib.rpi.edu/.../ willard_e_72.htm Dix 2 - http://www.civilwar.si.edu/leaders_images/dix_waugh.jpg Dix 3 - www.edinborough.com/ Life/Nurses/Dix.html Mary Lyon - : www.saao.ac.za/~wpk/ tov1882/tovwell.html Mary Lyon 2 - http://www.gis.net/~mtf/m-lyonw.jpg Stanton 2 - pblmm.k12.ca.us/.../ Women/special/vote4wmn.html Lucretia Mott - http://www.cr.nps.gov/nr/travel/pwwmh/mott.jpg Stanton 1 - www.undelete.org/library/ libpix-stanton-ec.html Stanton 2 - pblmm.k12.ca.us/.../ Women/special/vote4wmn.html Angelina Grimke - http://www.orgsites.com/tx/thinktank/TN_Grimke,_Angelina.jpg Sarah Grimke - http://www.historyswomen.com/sgrimke.jpg Robert Owen - http://www.econ.duke.edu/Economists/Gifs/Owen.gif Bloomers - http://www.kfunigraz.ac.at/ub/ausstellungen/mode/images/HOSEN_W3.jpg Shaker Worship - http://www.designdictionary.it/images/cover/shakers.jpg Shaker Worship 2 - http://www.relst.uiuc.edu/Courses/110/Shakers.jpg Shaker Worship 3 - http://www.uwec.edu/Geography/Ivogeler/w188/utopian/shaker2.jpg Amelia Bloomer - http://www.cwrl.utexas.edu/~ulrich/RHE309/vicfembios/images/abloomer.jpg Mother Ann Lee - http://home.dayton.lib.oh.us/Archives/Shaker/Exhibit/Shaker4-ex.jpg
Cited: Robert Owen - http://www.econ.duke.edu/Economists/Gifs/Owen.gif Shaker Worship 3 - http://www.uwec.edu/Geography/Ivogeler/w188/utopian/shaker2.jpg Greek Revival 2 - http://www.txinfo.com/brykerwoods/News/images_OWAHD/1853_PeaseMansionGreekRev.jpg Gilbert Stuart - http://www.fiona.co.jp/GENERAL_BOOKS/images/ART_BOOKS/GILBERT_STUART_ABRAMS.jpg Peale - www.tribuneindia.com/.../ spectrum/thomas.jpg Stuart 2 - museum.nist.gov/ object.asp?ObjID=23 Peale - www.tribuneindia.com/.../ spectrum/thomas.jpg Hudson Valley School - http://www.questergallery.com/gallery/im/8355.jpg John Trumbulln- http://www.cigarlabelart.com/auct%209/Images/094_John_Trumbull_I__TS__SL_MB175..jpg Hudson Valley School - http://www.questergallery.com/gallery/im/8355.jpg Trumbull - http://www.npg.si.edu/img2/gw/trenton.gif Trumbull 2 - www.cigarlabelart.com/ auct% Washington Irving 2 - http://etc.usf.edu/clipart/600/652/Irving_3_sm.gif