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Consciousness Sleeping & Waking

Consciousness Sleeping & Waking. Awareness of Self (thoughts & feelings) Automatic Processes – * (Subconscious) Eating/driving Controlled Processes – learning new activity. What is our “Biological Clock”. Or… Circadian Rhythm 24-25 hour timeline (sleep/wake cycle)

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Consciousness Sleeping & Waking

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  1. Consciousness Sleeping & Waking • Awareness of Self (thoughts & feelings) • Automatic Processes – * (Subconscious) • Eating/driving • Controlled Processes – • learning new activity

  2. What is our “Biological Clock” • Or… Circadian Rhythm • 24-25 hour timeline (sleep/wake cycle) • Run by the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus • In the hypothalamus • Responds to light changes • Melatonin ***

  3. What are the Stages of Sleep? • Alpha • Relaxed & drowsy, just prior to sleep • Alpha waves • Non-REM • Stages I – IV • 80% of sleep time

  4. What are the NREM stages of sleep ? • Non-REM Stages • I – Transition from wake to sleep • II – Sleep Spindles • III – waves begin to slow • IV – (Deep Sleep) –

  5. Awake (Beta) Drowsy (Alpha) Stage 1 Sleep(Theta) Stage 2 Sleep Stage 3 & Stage 4 Sleep(Delta) REM Sleep(Beta)

  6. What occurs in REM ? • REM Sleep • When dreaming occurs • Similar to Beta Waves – • ~ 20% of Sleep time • 5 or 6 phases per night • Muscle paralysis

  7. Awake REM Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4 Hours 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

  8. What are some sleep interferents? • REM Behavior Disorder • REM Rebound – • Lack of Sleep

  9. What are some sleep interferents? • Insomnia • Psychological – • Physiological – • Sleep Apnea • Stop breathing during sleep

  10. What are some sleep interferents? • Narcolepsy – Sleep attacks • Night terrors – frightening w/scream • Nightmares – anxiety related • Sleepwalking – Stage 3 or 4

  11. Why do we sleep? • Sleep switch – • Repair Theory • Adaptive Theory

  12. Why do we dream ? • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9nmVzXxdUeU&playnext=1&list=PLBC1B0516BBFFD762&feature=results_main • Freud • Censored info surfaces in dreams • Extensions of Waking Life • Reflect issues of real life • Spirit World • contact with other souls to reflect & solve problems

  13. Why do we dream ? • Activation-Synthesis Theory • Random, meaningless activity of neurons • Threat Simulation Thery • Preparation for challenges we may face

  14. Altered States- Consciousness • Hypnosis • Suceptibility – related to expectations • Stanford Hypnotic Scale • Hypnotic Induction

  15. How does hypnosis work? • Altered State Theory Different state of consciousness (~daydreams) • Socio-cognitive theory Social influences/pressures affect responses

  16. What is hypnosis used for? • Hypnotic Analgesia • Post-hypnotic Suggestion • Age Regression • (“Journey of Souls”)

  17. What are the effects of Drug Use ? • Psychoactive – affects consciousness and level of awareness • Addiction • Dependence • Tolerance • Withdrawal

  18. What are the Neural Effects of Drugs ? • Mimic Neurotransmitters • Morphine/Heroin • Block Reuptake (removal) • Cocaine, Prozac (SRIs)

  19. What are the different drug types ? • Stimulants • Methamphetamine – • Cocaine – • Caffeine – • Nicotine – • All result in physical addiction, emotional instability

  20. What are the different drug types ? • Opiates – mimic neurotransmitters • Opium • Morphine • Heroin • Very addictive • Methadone Treatments

  21. What are the different drug types ? • Hallucinogens • LSD – (“trip”) • Mushrooms (Psilocybin**) – awake dreams; • Mescaline-(peyote); headaches/vomiting • MDMA (Ecstasy) – intimacy crave

  22. Whatare the different drug types ? • Marijuana – mild hallucinogen • THC – 10x as much today as in 70’s • Mild euphoria; distorted/heightened feelings • Dangers – affects the hippocampus; short-term memory – can lead to apathy

  23. What are the different drug types ? • Depressants • Alcohol – depresses the central nervous system • .06 - .10 motor/cognitive impairments • Genetic risk – • Environ. Risk –

  24. Why is alcohol a problem ? • Depressants (cont’d) • Effects – Related to increases in aggression, rape, assault, manslaughter, car accidents, domestic violence • 3rd leading health problem

  25. What can be done to reduce negative effects of drugs ? • PREVENTION: • DARE – with 5-6th grade students • INTERVENTION • Cognitive Behavior Therapy – • Motivational Programs – • 12-Step Program (AA & NA) –

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