The I nternational E nglish L anguage T esting S ystem

1. IELTS The International English Language Testing System

2. 大綱 • 簡介與考試方法 • 評分標準 • 問題範例：Task 1, Task 2 • 注意事項與 Writing Strategies • 線上資源

3. 簡介 • IELTS 雅思(The International English Language Testing System) 國際英語測驗系統，原本是設計用來評估欲前往英語系國家求學或工作者的英語能力，現在為世界認可的英語考試。 • 目前，有超過6,000個機構肯定IELTS雅思考試為可信賴的英語測驗指標，也是一個能夠真實呈現考生的英語溝通能力是否已達到能接受高等教育、移民與從事專業工作的標準。 • 除了在英國、澳洲、紐西蘭、加拿大以及歐洲的教育系統被廣泛接受之外，美國的學校也有超過2000多所採用或是明文建議學生在申請入學時使用 • IELTS雅思國際英語測驗是由英國文化協會、劍橋大學英語考試院(Cambridge ESOL) 和澳洲國際文教中心合辦，在全球超過120個國家、500多個考試中心提供測驗服務。

4. IELTS考試內容

5. General Introduction • IELTS is the world’s proven English test. Over 1.2 million candidates take the test each year to start their journeys into international education and employment. • IELTS is recognised by more than 6000 institutions across 120 countries. • IELTS is owned and managed by the British Council, IDP: IELTS Australia and University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations. • 2009 marks the 20th anniversary of IELTS (1989 ~ present)

6. IELTS雅思報考組別 IELTS雅思組別分為學術組(Academic) 及 一般訓練組(General Training) 兩組。無論選擇何種組別，都必須經過聽力(Listening)、閱讀 (Reading)、寫作 (Writing)和口試(Speaking)四個部份。 學術組 (ACADEMIC) • 適用於欲申請正式課程者，如研究所、大學、專科或學校要求此組別之成績。目前美國、英國、澳洲、紐西蘭、加拿大及歐洲等教育系統都廣泛接受。 一般訓練組 (GENERAL TRAINING) • 適用於申請移民、欲前往英語系國家工作、及非學位取得為目的者。 • 兩個組別最大的不同在於閱讀及寫作部份會因報考組別不同而給予不同題目。建議你在報名前，請先查詢欲申請單位之要求，再決定所報考組別。

7. 2 Formats in IELTS • General Training - for school, work or migration The General Training format focuses on basic survival skills in a broad social and educational context. It is for those who are going to English-speaking countries to do secondary education, work experience or training programs. People migrating to Australia, Canada and New Zealand must sit the General Training test. • Academic - Institutions of Higher and Further Education The Academic format is for those who want to study or train in an English-speaking university or Institutions of Higher and Further Education. Admission to undergraduate and postgraduate courses is based on the results of the Academic test.

10. IELTS Writing-General Training • Task 1 Candidates are asked to write a personal informal, semi-formal or formal letter, responding to a given problem or situation. Input to Task 1 includes a brief description of the problem or situation followed by 3 bullet points which tell the candidate what information is required in the letter. Candidates must write at least 150 words for this task. • Task 2 The input to Task 2 consists of a statement of a point of view, argument or problem about a specific topic. This is followed by instructions asking candidates to discuss the topic by providing general factual information, outlining and/or presenting a solution, justifying an opinion, or evaluating ideas and evidence. Candidates are expected to produce a discursive piece of writing. Candidates must write at least 250 words for this task.

11. IELTS 寫作學術組整合表

12. IELTS Writing-Academic

13. 評分

14. 評分

15. IELTS 的成績與其他英語能力測驗之比較

17. Task 1 (1) • Time Length: 20 minutes • Writing Length: 150 words (minimum) • Writing Goal: Interpret and describe some given visual information (a diagram or table, etc.) and present the information in your own words.

18. Task 1 (2) • 4 possible types of the academic writing in task 1 1. Organise, present and possibly compare data e.g. money people spend on different forms of entertainment. 2. Describe stages of a procedure or process e.g. the stages of human evolution. 3. Describe on object or event or series of events e.g. How the water cycle works. 4. Explain how something works e.g. How a car engine works. • Reasons for directly penalty • The writing is less than the minimum word limit • Off-topic and irrelevant response • Plagiarism (severe penalty) • Incomplete format (e.g. bullet points, or note form etc.)

19. Example of Task 1 • You should spend about 20 minutes on this task. • The take below gives information about the underground railway systems in six cities.Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. • You should write at least 150 words.

20. Sample Writing (1) The table shows the details regarding the underground railway systems in six cities.London has the oldest underground railway systems among the six cities. It was opened in the year 1863, and it is already 3l years old. Paris is the second oldest, in which it was opened in the year 1900. This was then followed by the opening of the railway systems in Tokyo, Washington DC and Kyoto. Los Angeles has the newest underground railway system, and was only opened in the year 2001. In terms of the size of the railway systems, London, for certain, has the largest underground railway systems. It has 394 kilometres of route in total, which is nearly twice as large as the system in Paris. Kyoto, in contrast, has the smallest system. It only has 11 kilometres of route, which is more than 30 times less than that of London.

21. Sample Writing (2) Interestingly, Tokyo, which only has 155 kilometres of route, serves the greatest number of passengers per year, at 1927 millions passengers. The system in Paris has the second greatest number of passengers, at 1191 millions passengers per year. The smallest underground railway system, Kyoto, serves the smallest number of passengers per year as predicted.In conclusion, the underground railway systems in different cities vary a lot in the site of the system, the number of passengers served per year and in the age of the system. (233 words)

22. Task 2 (1) • Time Length: 40 minutes • Writing Length: 250 words (minimum) • Writing Goal: Presented with and respond to a point of view or argument or problem.

23. Task 2 (2) • 4 possible types of the academic writing in task 2 1. Present the solution to a problem e.g. You want to persuade someone to study your native language. What reasons would you give? Support your answer with specific details. 2. Present and justify an opinion e.g. Do you think trial by jury should be used in all criminal cases? 3. Compare and contrast evidence, opinions and implications e.g. How effective is it to reward good work with extra money? 4. Evaluate and challenge ideas, evidence or an argument e.g. ‘Failure shows desire wasn’t strong enough’. To what extent do you agree? • Reasons for directly penalty • Directly copied sentences or phrases from the question • The writing is less than the minimum word limit • Off-topic and irrelevant response • Plagiarism (severe penalty) • Incomplete format (e.g. bullet points, or note form etc.)

24. Example of Task 2 • You should spend about 40 minutes on this task.Write about the following topic: • Governments should make more effort to promote alternative sources of energy. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion? • Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience. Write at least 250 words.

25. Writing Sample (1) • It has been known for some time now that a move towards sources of energy which are not carbon-based is urgently required to stop the effects of global warming. In my view, there are too few governments who seem to be promoting the use of other types of energy such as wind, wave, solar and nuclear sources of energy. • Governments at present are too reliant on coil, oil and gas. Although some governments are doing research into the use of alternative energy sources, many are not. Energy from the wind, the sea and the sun does not pollute the environment and is an everlasting source of power. Nuclear power is clean, and although it is not totally unproblematic, it would provide a large amount of energy and dramatically improve the environment. Countries such as France have made good use of nuclear power.

26. Writing Sample (2) • My feeling is that more use could be made of wind power. In some countries, there has been a reluctance to use wind turbines, even in areas which are not densely populated, as some people believe they are eyesores. Personally, I believe they are not only useful, but beautiful as well. Governments should spend more time and effort promoting the benefits of this source of energy and trying to make the public understand the reason for change. • In conclusion, I believe that, if governments forced everyone to have a wind turbine and solar panels on the building they live in, made more use of wave power and built more nuclear power stations, then they would manage to avert the dangers that are seriously threatening the Earth. (268 words)

27. 注意事項 Writing Strategies • For Both Tasks • Read the question carefully • Familiarise yourself with descriptions of data – in newspapers, textbooks • Practise formulating your own ideas on topics

28. Writing Strategies – For Both Tasks • Device for better coherence

29. Writing Strategies – For Both Tasks • Device for better coherence

30. Writing Strategies – For Task 1 • Words used to describe the given pictures

31. Writing Strategies – For Task 1 • Words used to describe statistics, to compare results, to describe changes:

32. Writing Strategies – For Task 1 • Words used to describe statistics, to compare results, to describe changes:

33. Writing Strategies – For Task 1 • Words used to describe statistics, to compare results, to describe changes:

34. References 網路資源: • IELTS homepage (IELTS官方網站) http://www.ielts.org/index.htm • ELC homepage (香港理工大學) http://elc.polyu.edu.hk http://elc.polyu.edu.hk/IELTS/ • IELTS Exam Preparation http://www.ielts-exam.net/ • University of Leeds: http://www.leeds.ac.uk/languages/resource/english/graphs/tren.htm • 線上英語自學中心 http://ce.etweb.fju.edu.tw/self_learning.html BRITISH COUNCIL (英國文化協會) http://www.britishcouncil.org/tw/taiwan.htm IDP IELTS (澳洲國際文教中心) http://www.idp-ielts.com.tw/web/ I IDP IELTS (台灣雅思考試中心) http://www.idp-ielts.com.tw/web/ Charles, Julian. IELTS Write Right. Taipei: Jon Wen Books, 2009.