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Overview of e-Learning Standards and SCORM 2004

Overview of e-Learning Standards and SCORM 2004. Speaker ： Su-Hsien Huang Digital Content and Management Lab. Dept. Information Management, Minghsin University of Science and Technology Web: http://203.68.231.45/Lab/ Email: shhuang@must.edu.tw Date: 22-April-2008. Outline.

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Overview of e-Learning Standards and SCORM 2004

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  1. Overview of e-Learning Standards and SCORM 2004 Speaker：Su-Hsien Huang Digital Content and Management Lab. Dept. Information Management, Minghsin University of Science and Technology Web: http://203.68.231.45/Lab/ Email: shhuang@must.edu.tw Date: 22-April-2008

  2. Outline • Part I: Standard Overview • e-Learning Organizations • e-Learning Standards • e-Learning Certification • Part II:SCORM 2004 • Content Aggregation Model • Run Time Environment • Sequencing and Navigation

  3. e-Learning Organizations • ISO/IEC JTCI SC36. • IEEE LTSC (Learning Technology Standards Committee) • IMS (Instruction Management System) • Global Learning Consortium • AICC (Aviation Industry CBT Committee) • ADL (Advanced Distributed Learning Initiative) • ARIADNE (Alliance of Remote Instructional Authoring and Distribution Networks for Europe Project) • CEN/ISSS (European Committee for Standardization /Information Society Standardization System) • ALIC (Advanced Learning Infrastructure Consortium) • DCMI (Dublin Core Metadata Initiative)

  4. Interactions of Organizations • Specification  Standard • Proposed by community  Draft  Specification (IMS)  Testing (ADL) Standard (ISO,IEEE)

  5. IMS (Instruction Management System) • Nonprofited Organization • Objectives • Open Specifications • High education • Community learning • Members • Contributing Member • Developers Network Subscribers • Opened Specifications • Meta-data, QTI, LIP, Content Package, …etc. http://www.imsglobal.org/

  6. ADL (Advanced Distributed Learning) • Sponsored by DoD • Collaborative effort to DoD learning systems • Objectives • Adult Education • Self-learning • Content reusability • Plugfest • 2000~2005 • Plugfest1~9 • 2004~2006 • International plugfest1~2 • 2006~current • Performance fest • Implementation fest http://www.adlnet.gov/

  7. IEEE LTSC (Learning Technology Standards Committee) • ISO  ANSI  IEEE  LTSC • Process of IEEE Standard • Consensus  PAR Establish Working group  Regular meeting  Documents  Vote  Announce • DREL – Digital Right Expression Language • ODRL – Open Digital Right Language • XrML – Extensible Right Markup Language

  8. ISO/IEC JTC1/SC36 • ISO and IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) • Build up JTC1 (Joint Technical Committee 1) • SC36 in charge of learning-related technologies • Since 1999 • 5 Working Group, 3 Rapporteur Group

  9. Process of ISO Standard 9.國際標準 8.國際標準最終草稿 7.最終委員會草稿 1.提議 2.提案 5.工作草稿 6.草稿版本 3.工作文件 4.工作小組

  10. Other Organization/Community • AICC • Aircraft Industries CBT Committee • Since 1988, the oldest e-Learning promotion organization • The first organization to provide e-learning certification • Replaced by IMC • CMI (Computer-Managed Instruction) • CEN/ISSS • European Committee for Standarization/Information Society Standardization System

  11. Categories of e-Learning Standards

  12. 學習內容相關標準 (1/2) • IMS QTI (Question & Test Interoperability Specification) • 整合來自不同地方的測驗 • IMS CP (Content Packaging Specification) • 如何包裝數位學習材料 • IMS SS (Simple Sequencing Specification) • 學習元件遞送給學習者的順序 • IMS LRM (Learning Resource Metadata Specification) • 學習資源詮釋資料裡面元件的定義 • IMS LD (Learning Design Specification) • 利用通用的語法來描述教學法 • 荷蘭開放大學(OUNL)發展的EML而來

  13. 學習內容相關標準 (2/2) • IMS DRI (Digital Repository Interoperability Specification) • 分散各處的數位學習元件能互通 • Z39.50, SOAP, XQuery • IEEE LTSC DREL (Digital Right Expression Language) • ODRL / XrML 二選一

  14. 學習者相關標準 • IMS LIP (Learning Information Package Specification) • 交換使用者的學習資料 • IMS RCD (Learning Competency Definition Specification) • 交換使用者技能(Competency) • IMS LIP Accessibility • 支援身障人士 • 移動學習以及噪音的補救措施 • IEEE LTSC 1484.20 Competency Definition • Data binding, API, portfolios

  15. 學習環境相關標準 • AICC CMI • 訂定學習元件的送出跟追蹤方式 • SCORM RTE (Runtime Environment) • IEEE CMI 1484.11.1 • Data model for content to LMS communication • IEEE CMI 1484.11.2 • ECMAScrip API for content to runtime services communication • ISO/IEC JTC1/S36 Management and Delivery of Learning • IMS Enterprise Specification • CELTS-17.1 • 平台與媒體標準組譜

  16. 教育管理相關標準 (管理上效率) • 美國的SIF (Schools Interoperability Framework) • 促使學校內或學校間的不同應用系統能夠比次互動跟分享資料 • ASTD (美國訓練發展協會) ECC (e-Learning Courseware Certification) • 針對網路及多媒體課程 • 可進行評估相容性教學品質

  17. 基礎架構相關標準 • IEEE 1484.1 Architecture and Reference Model • IEEE 1484.3 Glossory (術語)

  18. LOM (Learning Objects Metadata) • Exchange and reuse of learning material • ARIADNE, MERLOT, SCORM • Data element • 9 categories • General, lifecycle, meta-metadata, technical, educational, right, relation, annotation, classification • 77 elements • Aggregate data element • Simple data element • Value space & data type

  19. LOM

  20. CORDRA • Local Content Repositories • System Repositories • Catalog and Registry • Identifier System • Common Services • Applications Technical Specifications CORDRA Instance ADL Registry CORDRA

  21. CORDRA

  22. Certification • SCORM Certification • By Wisconsin Testing Organization, Korea ADL and NUWC • Currently a total of 236 products. • ADL on-line test suite • SCORM 1.2 • Content and LMS certification • $500 • SCORM 2004 • 2nd Content and LMS certification • 3rd Content and LMS certification • $1500

  23. Certification of ADL SCORM

  24. IMS Certification

  25. IMS Certification

  26. Worldwide e-Learning Standard Summary

  27. SCORM(Sharable Content Object Reference Model) • Three primary criteria for SCORM • Articulate guidelines that can be understood and implemented by developers of learning content. • Adopted by as wide a variety of stakeholders as possible • Permit mapping of any stakeholder’s specific model for instructional systems design and development into itself. • Requirements • Accessibility • Adaptability • Affordability • Durability • Interoperability • Reusability

  28. SCORM Timeline (from ADL) Jul. 04 SCORM 2004 2nd Edition released Jan. 01 SCORM 1.1 released Jan. 00 SCORM 1.0 released Nov. 97White House Co-sponsors ADL Kick-off Meeting Oct. 01 SCORM 1.2 released 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 1997 1998 1999 2001 2006 Jan. 98 Executive Memo citing ADL as a model for federal agencies Jan. 04 SCORM 2004 1st Edition released Feb. 99 SCORM 0.7.3 1st Draft Version June 00 Plugfest 1 Sept. 06 SCORM 2004 3rd Edition

  29. SCORM 2004 3rd Edition • SCORM 2004 • Overview • Content Aggregation Model (CAM) • Run-Time Environment (RTE) • Sequencing and Navigation (SN) • References • 資策會數位教育研究所 • 影音數位教材 (SCORM標準-中正資工游寶達教授) • http://life.iiietc.ncu.edu.tw/xms/ • 國立臺灣師範大學圖資所 • SCORM 1.3 中文翻譯

  30. SCORM 2004 Evolution

  31. Cyber Learning Architecture

  32. SCORM 2004 Components

  33. Content Aggregation Model • Content Model • Defining the content components • Content Packaging • How to aggregate activities of learning resources • Metadata (LOM) • Describe specific instances of the content model • Sequencing and Navigation

  34. SCO • Asset • An electronic representation of media • SCO • Sharable Content Object • A collection of Assets • single launchable learning resource • uses the SCORM RTE to communicate with an LMS

  35. IMSMANIFEST.XML • A special XML documents • Describe the content structure and the associated resource (imsmanifest.xml) • The content (i.e., physical files) • PIF • Package Interchange File • .zip

  36. ManifestExample

  37. Content Organization • A representation or map that defines the intended use of the content

  38. Manifest File Example Content 放置的相對位置 關鍵字 Metadata 位置

  39. Inline Metadata Example

  40. Organizations 預設使用單位

  41. Item Organization中的節點

  42. Parameters in Item Organization中的節點

  43. DataFromLMS in Item • Initialization data expected by the resource

  44. CompletionThreshold in Item • Use this value to initialize cmi.completion_threshold • 0.0~1.0

  45. File in Resource • A listing of files that a resource required for delivery

  46. Metadata • IEEE 1484.12.1-2002 Learning Object Metadata (LOM) • 64 metadata elements • General • Lifecycle • Metametadata • Technical • Educational • Rights • Relation • Annotation • classification

  47. General

  48. Metadata(Organization, Activity, SCO, Asset)

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