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World Civilizations Unit 13 PP 2

World Civilizations Unit 13 PP 2. The Congress of Vienna. The age of ideologies. Conservatism :attempts to preserve tradition (class and government structure) to ensure peace. A reaction against the French rev.

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World Civilizations Unit 13 PP 2

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  1. World CivilizationsUnit 13PP 2 The Congress of Vienna

  2. The age of ideologies • Conservatism:attempts to preserve tradition (class and government structure) to ensure peace. A reaction against the French rev. • Liberalism: Enlightenment/Fr rev ideals (individual freedoms) desire constitutions and natural rights • Nationalism: Love of country or a desire of a people who share a common language, history and culture to have a country

  3. Goals of The Congress of Vienna(Sept 1814-June 1815) • Led by Prince Klemens Von Metternich • Concept: “to uproot the revolutionary seed” and maintain the balance of power • Goals: To stop liberalism and nationalism, restore monarchs (principle of legitimacy) and class privilege, restore established churches • Contain France and restore the peace and status quo of 1792

  4. Representatives • Russia: Alexander I • Prussia: Frederick William III • Britain: Lord Castlereagh • Austria: Metternich • France: Talleyrand

  5. Problems • They disagreed over land • Prussia wanted German Kingdom of Saxony • Russia wanted all of Poland • Metternich insisted that they use the guiding principle of “balance of power” to keep peace in Europe • Result: France is able to return to great power status by forming an alliance with Austria against Prussia and Russia

  6. New Borders • To check future French aggression they strengthen her neighbors • Switzerland regains ind. • Netherlands gains Belgium • N. Italian state of Piedmont taken from France and given to Sardinia (K. of Sardinia Piedmont) • Austria gets Lombardy and Venetia • Prussia received land on French border • The German Confederation (38 states dominated by Austria) • Many submerged nationalities (Magyars and Czechs)

  7. France • Ruled by a liberal constitution and Louis XVIII • Reforms that stayed • Press, speech, religion • Only 100,000 of 30 million vote • Nobles believed the country too liberal so when Louis dies in 1824 they begin to work on Charles X (1824-1830)

  8. Charles X • Brother of Louis XVI and XVIII • Wanted to reestablish the old order in France • 5 hour coronation ceremony (very medieval) • 1830 he tried to revoke the constitutional charter • Within 3 days the upper-middle class led a revolt and unseated him

  9. Louis Phillippe (1830-1848) • Louis Phillippe was the cousin of Charles X and the Duke of Orleans • Known as the “Citizen King” dressed like a businessman • Kept the monarchy but extended the vote a little • Adopted the “tricolore” (flag)of the revolution • But…still favored the wealthy

  10. Other revolutions in the 1820’s and 1830’s • Belgium (1830-1831) • Why? • Greece (1823-1832) • Against who? Why? • Poland (1831-1832) • Why? • The Cadet revolution

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