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Fishing

Fishing. By Jessica, Donny, and Anthony. Atlantic Cod. The Canadian Fishing Industry. Canada produces fish from the west coast, east coast and freshwater lakes because they have high amounts of fish

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Fishing

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  1. Fishing By Jessica, Donny, and Anthony Atlantic Cod

  2. The Canadian Fishing Industry • Canada produces fish from the west coast, east coast and freshwater lakes because they have high amounts of fish • 80% of the Canadian catch is exported. The most important markets for our fish are the USA, Western Europe, and Japan

  3. 3 Categories of fish 1.Ground fish: fish that feed and are caught near the ocean floor.(ex. Cod, Halibut) 2.Pelagic fish: Fish that feed and are caught near the surface.(ex. Salmon, tuna) 3.Shellfish: Animals without backbones but with hard, protective shells.(ex. Shrimp, lobster)

  4. Structure of the Industry • The Canadian fishing industry started in the 1500’s. Fishing villages dried and salted fish, then sent them to Europe, the US, and West Indies. • About 110,000 Canadians have a job in the industry or have commercial-fishing licenses since the mid 1990’s • This has a special place in Canada’s cultural heritage Gulf of Georgia Cannery BC 1900’s West Coast fishery

  5. Inshore fishing vs. Offshore fishing Inshore Fishing: commercial fishing that takes place within a few kilometers of the shore line. 10 % of Canada's fish comes from inshore fishing.

  6. Offshore Fishing: Ocean fishery using boats longer then 25 M. 90% of Canada's fish comes from offshore fishing

  7. Fishing Industry Threatened There are many different reasons to why the Canadian fishing industry can be threatened is when more adult fish are caught than are reproduced causing a decline in fishing. This happened in both the west and east coast fisheries. Overfishing

  8. Destructive Fishing Practices • By trying to catch one type of fish, (cod for example) other unwanted fish also become caught. These fish are called “by-catch” and are thrown away. The habitats of these fish are also destroyed in the process which those fish then die

  9. Changes in Natural Conditions • Changes in water temperature can affect the fish migrating to where they are caught, or even result in death. For example, global warming. • This has been causing the Pacific Ocean to become warmer. Trout

  10. Continental Shelf: Gently sloping outer edge of a continent that extends below the surface of the ocean to a maximum depth of about 200 meters.

  11. Banks: Shallow areas of a continental shelf that are less then 150 m deep. Sunlight penetrates to the bottom causing plankton to grow which attracts lots of fish.

  12. Sustained Yield Management • Use of renewable resource at a rate that allows the resource to renew itself. • Ex. The number of fish caught should not be a greater number of fish reaching maturity.

  13. Aquaculture & Fresh Water

  14. Aquaculture: production of fish and other marine products on fish farms. Freshwater: Canada has 9% of the worlds renewable freshwater in the world. -“water that generally contains less than 1000 mg per litre of dissolved solids.” -Found in lakes, rivers, and wetlands.

  15. East Coast fishery vs. West Coast fishery

  16. East Coast Fishing • Fewer and smaller fish were being caught in the 1980’s. Northern cod fishing was stopped in 1992 and ground fish fishing was declined • Fish populations were expected to recover because of this but still have not. Fishing industries are now increasing the variety (diversifying) of their catch to catch more amounts of other fish Walleye

  17. Why the East coast Fishery Collapsed: people suggest 5 major factors responsible for the collapse of the fishery. • The catch appeared to be to high. • After WWII fishing technology increased. • Late 1960’s, Russia and Japan caught more fish then there supposed to. • When people try catching a certain type of fish, many others may get caught in the nets. • Changes in environmental conditions. ( water temperature and seal population.)

  18. West Coast Fishing • The most common/important catch on the west coast is salmon. • Salmon catch on the West coast is 400 times larger than the East coast fishery’s. • Sport fishing want a share of salmon. Commercial fishermen will need to reduce their catch.

  19. Why the West coast Fishery Collapsed: • Fishing boats were catching 800,000 tonnes of salmon a year. • Water is heating up due to global warming so eventually the salmon will migrate north and Canada will lose its West coast salmon fishery. • The USA states that there should be no restrictions on how much salmon is caught. If Canada and USA don’t come to an agreement, salmon will slowly disappear.

  20. References • Environment Canada." www.ec.gc.ca. N.p., 16 Aug 2010. Web. 14 May 2012. <http://www.ec.gc.ca/Publications/default.asp?lang=En&xml=8900D21B-DF33-4B83-B36E-0B76A1480BA6>. • . "Destructive Fishing Practices." www.greenpeace.org. Greenpeace, n.d. Web. 14 May 2012. <http://www.greenpeace.org/usa/en/campaigns/oceans/threats/bottom-trawling/>.

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