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Ancient Greek Architecture

Ancient Greek Architecture. Doric Ionic Corinthian. Temple Architecture. Cult statue was kept in the cella with access restricted to priests (similar to Egypt and Mesopotamia) Rectangular Very organized Columns part of post and lintel construction

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Ancient Greek Architecture

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  1. Ancient Greek Architecture Doric Ionic Corinthian

  2. Temple Architecture • Cult statue was kept in the cella with access restricted to priests (similar to Egypt and Mesopotamia) • Rectangular • Very organized • Columns part of post and lintel construction • Little light inside enhances sense of mystery • Pediments with sculpture celebrating the god housed inside

  3. Shrines Tholos, Sanctuary of Athena Pronaia, Delphi, 400 BCE Placed in front of larger temple of Apollo Unsure of the purpose of the building Tholos was circular, although the vast majority of Greek architecture was rectangular

  4. Types of Temple ArchitectureNot a linear timeline; many temples combined types; Ionic more popular in Asia Minor; Doric more popular on Mainland

  5. Architectural Elements Frieze Architrave

  6. Which style? Which period? • West pediment, Temple of Artemis

  7. Early TempleNotice the Caryatids

  8. AcropolisHill with temple complex

  9. Re-creation of acropolis at AthenaStudy page 147 of Stokstad for detailsKnow the Buildings with Yellow Arrows

  10. Parthenon Key Details • X = 2y + 1 seen throughout (6 columns in front = 13 on side and ratio of length to width = 9:4) • Stylobate (floor) curves upward at middle to drain water and counteract optical illusion • IONIC elements (interior frieze and inner room columns) in a DORIC temple • Massive statue of Athena inside cella

  11. Parthenon, Athens, Greece, 447-438 BCE, marble.Architects: Iktinos and Kallikrates Political Leader: PeriklesLead Sculptor: Pheidias

  12. Porch of the Maidens, Erechtheion, Acropolis, Athena • Marks the spot where Athena battled Poseidon in a contest for Athens (she gave an olive tree and won) • Caryatids in procession towards Parthenon • Ionic architecture

  13. Blinged-out Athena

  14. Pediment Sculpture, Parthenon

  15. Metope Sculpture (left), Horsehead from pediment (right)

  16. Theater, Polykleitos(he of the Canon of Proportion!), Epidauros, 350 BCEPlays were important on feast days and as contests; perfect acoustics – 12,000 could hear; audience encircles stage on 3 sides

  17. Pergamon Alter, from Pergamon in Asia Minor, 175 BCEreflects Panathenaic Frieze in Parthenon – 400 feet long, 7.5 feet high – Pergamon victory over the barbarians; Ionic

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