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Greek Architecture

Greek Architecture. Western Civilization University High School 2011-12. The Earliest Greek Architecture. first inhabitants of Greek peninsula (Neolithic people?) built primitive, basic structures usually circular, oval, or rectangular made with mud bricks and stones, with reeds or brush

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Greek Architecture

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  1. Greek Architecture Western Civilization University High School 2011-12

  2. The Earliest Greek Architecture • first inhabitants of Greek peninsula (Neolithic people?) built primitive, basic structures • usually circular, oval, or rectangular • made with mud bricks and stones, with reeds or brush • typically one room

  3. The Emergence of Temples • as city-states developed, temples were built for 2 primary purposes: • 1. religious worship of a god(s)/goddess(es) • A home for god who controls part of nature… • 2. military fortress • Why is the acropolis typically on top of a hill…? • Greek columns = most striking feature

  4. Entablature • Cornice • Frieze • Column • Capital • Base

  5. Parts of a Column • Frieze: part of the entablature that is often decorated with plaster images

  6. Types of Columns Doric Ionic Corinthian

  7. The Parthenon in Athens

  8. The Parthenon in Athens • construction begins in 447 BCE, ends in 432 BCE • replaced an older temple for Athena destroyed in Persian invasion in 480 BCE • notable for its Doric columns

  9. Doric Pillars • Doric order = simplest (and earliest) ancient Greek architecture • invented around 600 BCE • most associated with Sparta • used in mainland Greece, and then many Greek colonies later • masculine look • simple, block-like capitals

  10. Doric Pillars

  11. Parthenon at Athens

  12. Ionic Pillars • taller, more slender than Doric columns • capital looks like a rolled up scroll • invented around 500 BCE • became dominant in Hellenistic period • feminine look

  13. Ionic Pillars

  14. Erechtheum at Athens

  15. Temple of Athena Nike

  16. Corinthian Pillars • invented around 450 BCE • capital has flowers and leaves • not used as often because it was so ornate • more extensive use in Roman architecture

  17. Temple of Olympian Zeus in Athens

  18. Greek Architecture Project • 12 paper clips • 8 rubber bands • 24 inches of scotch tape • 2 markers or pens • 12 thumb tacks • 16 pieces of 8.5 x 11” white paper • A base for your temple (cardboard, wood, etc.)

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