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A.H.Muhammad Siddique-E-Akbor Graduate Student, CEE, TTU

Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) Satellite Mission. A.H.Muhammad Siddique-E-Akbor Graduate Student, CEE, TTU. Contents. Introduction Objectives Remote Sensing Instruments Resolution Parameter Values of Mission Data Collection & Processing Expected Benefits

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A.H.Muhammad Siddique-E-Akbor Graduate Student, CEE, TTU

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  1. Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) Satellite Mission A.H.Muhammad Siddique-E-Akbor Graduate Student, CEE, TTU

  2. Contents • Introduction • Objectives • Remote Sensing • Instruments • Resolution • Parameter Values of Mission • Data Collection & Processing • Expected Benefits • Expected Application

  3. Introduction • Proposed NASA & French Space Agency (CNES) mission to make the first global survey of Earth's surface water. • In February 2008, adopted the name SWOT, replacing the original name WatER HM. Artists concept of SWOT

  4. Glimpses of the Mission • Launch: 2016 • Agency: NASA & CNES • Orbit: Low Earth Orbit…max 2000km altitude • Estimated Cost: $450 million • Areas of Interest: Climate, Health & Water • Instruments: KaRIN, Ku-band nadir altimeter, microwave radiometer • Mission Life Time: 03 years

  5. Mission Objectives • To observe the fine details (closer spacing) of the ocean's surface topography, and measure how water bodies change over time. • Spatial Resolutions: 10 km, at present the resolution is 300 km. • Discharge measurement in large (50m-100m width) rivers Northern Alberta Lakes, Canada

  6. Remote Sensing • Wide-swath altimetry technology • Designed to acquire high-resolution elevations at spatial and temporal scales • Active Sensors are a laser florosensor and a synthetic aperture radar (SAR)

  7. Instruments • Ka –or Ku-Band Radar………………….27.5-32GHz • Ku-Band Altimeter (Kurz-unten Band)..12-18 GHz • Microwave Radiometer (MWR) • ..Ka-Band radar is a new type named Ka-band Radar Interferometry (KaRIN). Wavelength, λ=0.86 cm A conceptual outline of the KaRIN instrument configuration

  8. Resolution • 200 MHz bandwidth • Cross-track ground resolutions • Varying from about 10 m in the far swath to about 60 m in the near swath • A resolution of about 2 m in the along track direction is derived by means of synthetic aperture processing. • Orbit shall be an exact repeat orbit with a maximum repeat period of 22 days.

  9. Parameter Values of Mission • Mass: 150 Kgs • Frequency: 35 GHz • Operating Time/Orbit: 40% • Antenna Length: 4 m • Antenna Width: 0.20 m • Boresight Look angle: 3.5 deg • Baseline Length: 10 m

  10. …Parameter Values of Mission • Orbit Height: 800 km • One-Sided Swath: 50 km • Number of Swaths: 2 • Range Resolution: 0.75 m • Azimuth Resolution: 5 m • Raw Data Rate: 504 Mbits/s • Data Volume/Orbit: 76 Gbytes

  11. …Parameter Values of Mission • Orbit Height: 800 Km • Orbit Type: 22-day repeat 78° inclination • Swath: 120 Km • Frequency: Ka-Band • Wavelength: 0.86 cm • Height Precision: ~1cm @1 km resolution • Spatial Resolution: <100 m imaging • Instrument: Interferometer

  12. Data Collection & Processing • Instrument check (at least 3 months) • Space-Time Sampling • Repeating Period: 22-days • Calibration and Validation Phase • Ensure the required data volume and adequate spatial coverage (3-day sampling) • Verified by an independent measurement or analysis during a post-launch validation period • Sea surface heights (SSH) and terrestrial water heights over a 120 km wide swath with a +/-10 km gap at the nadir track

  13. …Data Collection & Processing • Over the deep oceans, provide SSH within each swath with a posting every 2 km x 2 km, and a precision not to exceed 0.5 cm when averaged over the area. • Over land, download the raw data for ground processing and produce a water mask able to resolve 100-m rivers and 1-km2 lakes, wetlands, or reservoirs. • Water level elevations with an accuracy of 10 cm and a slope accuracy of 1 cm/1 km. • Cover at least 90% of the globe. • Gaps are not to exceed 10% of Earth's surface. In-situ cannot measure this

  14. Expected Benefits • Improved water management in transboundary river basins • Improved prediction of carbon fluxes to and from wetlands • Improved flood and marine forecasts • Improved identification and forecasts of inundation and malaria zones • Improved prediction of changes of sea level rise. A flooded forest in the Amazon

  15. Expected Application • Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna (GBM) River Basin-the flood forecasting range of the lowermost riparian nation is limited due to unavailable rainfall from upstream nations.

  16. THANK YOU Source: http://swot.jpl.nasa.gov

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