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Patterns of Heredity

Patterns of Heredity. Incomplete Dominance, Codominance and Sex-linked. Figure 14.2 Mendel tracked heritable characters for three generations. Genetics Vocabulary.

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Patterns of Heredity

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  1. Patterns of Heredity Incomplete Dominance, Codominance and Sex-linked

  2. Figure 14.2 Mendel tracked heritable characters for three generations

  3. Genetics Vocabulary Incomplete Dominance - a form of intermediate inheritance in which one allele for a specific trait is not completely dominant over the other. If the trait is incomplete it will be stated in the problem. (Some people, like incomplete dominance, use superscripts or subscripts w/ diff letters)

  4. Figure 14.9 Incomplete dominance in snapdragon color

  5. Genetics Vocabulary Codominance - A condition in which both alleles of a gene pair in a heterozygote are fully expressed, with neither one being dominant or recessive to the other. If the trait is codominant it will be stated in the problem. (When crossing codominant traits, use different capital letters) RR RW WW

  6. Autosomes vs. Sex-chromosomes

  7. Sex-linked traits • Most human traits are inherited by passing autosomes – non-sex chromosomes • (just like peas) • Sex-linked traits = inherited by passing sex-chromosomes. • Many human diseases including: • Hemophilia & Color blindness

  8. Designating Sex-Linked Traits XA = normalXa = the trait (a genetic disease or abnormality)Y = Y chromosome (males only) * X-linked traits are only on the X chromosome

  9. X-linked traits may also skip generations • Males are affected more often than females because they only have one X chromosome

  10. Sample problem • Hemophilia is an X-linked disorder. If an affected father and a carrier mother have a boy, what is the probability that boy will have hemophilia?

  11. What is the probability that boy will have hemophilia? Mother’s Genes Xa X Xa Y Father’s Genes

  12. Autosomal Dominant diseases • Individuals have the trait if they have the dominant allele. • Ex: familial hypercholesterolemia • Huntington’s disease • Dwarfism • Neurofibromatosis • Colon cancer • Kidney disease • Etc.

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