Demographyc analysis of selected characteristics of Roman population in Slovakia

1. Demographycanalysisof selectedcharacteristicsof Roman populationin Slovakia RNDr. Daniela Sivasova, PhD.

2. „ THE ROMA ISSUE“ - The most discussed The most sensitive The most escalated issue in the professional and laypublic notonly in Slovakia

3. In Europe there are approximately 10 to 15 million of Roma citizens and around 68 to 80 million in the world

4. Based on historical facts - most likely they originate from India. Proved by : • Genetics • Language • Anthropological Evidence

5. Migration routes of Roma on the way from India to Europe

6. Settlements in Slovakia The latest findings:- 1 322 Spišská Nová Ves - 1 377 ZemplínThe main migration wave was through Hungary and Czech - Mainly groups of settled Roma - Nomadic groups were numerically high but for our region not so important

7. Number of citizens of Roma nationality in Slovakia basedon population census and inventory of state administration Source: Department of Statistics, SR, (data from population census- marked *, rest are based on data from inventory of state administration)

8. Roma population development in Slovakia

9. Used data sources on Roma population: - Nationality data supplemented by population movement data - The Atlas of the Roma Communities 2004, 2013 and 2019 • Data provided by the Office of the Plenipotentiary of the Government of the SlovakRepublic for Roma Communities - Data from the United Nations Development Program

10. Age pyramid of Roma and Slovak population in 2015

11. Share of selected age groups of Roma population Slovak population

12. Age pyramid of Roma and Slovak population in 2030

13. Expected development of the number of Roma population in Slovakia between 2000 and 2030 based on the results of prognosis (all variants)

14. Integrated- those who are fully accepted and integrated into majority society, living similarly to the non Roma population • Partially integrated-separated, those who live in concentrated communities or settlements where the majority is non Roma population. They often face discrimination and the majority population perceive them with prejudice • Nonintegrated- segregated Roma live in Roma locations with majority Roma ethnicity (minimum 75 % Roma) separately from non Roma population. They despise the values of majority. ( 100% Roma-Lomnicka)

15. Roma population share by marital status Married Single Spouse Widowed Divorced Separated

17. Comparison of marriage development (top chart) and divorce rate (bottom graph)

18. Comparison of the gross birth rate, general fertility rates between the Roma population and the population of Slovakia RNDr. Daniela Sivašová, PhD.

19. Development of final fertility of Roma women and Slovak women

20. Miscarriage rates between 1996 and 2012

21. Abortion rates between 1996 and 2015

22. Rates of terminated pregnancies between 1996 an 2012

23. The probabilityof death in Roma locations and in Slovakia between 1992 and 2015

24. Standardized mortality rates by selected groups of causes of death

25. Achieved education among Roma • Elementary School not completed - 16,73 % • Elementary School completed - 28,05 % • Special School completed - 4.98 % • High School completed - 5,74 % • High School attending - 2,80 % • University completed - 0,18 % • University attending - 0,36 % Roma Employment : unemployed72 % men 75 % women Age between 15 and 64 employed 20% men 11% women

26. Since 2014 as the first college and university in Slovakia University of Economics in Bratislava, in cooperation with the Center for Ethnicity and Culture (CVEK), participates in the implementation of the program „You also have a chance“ It is a program that fulfills the fundamental right for education and the fundamental access right to education and contributes to the elimination of inequalities and the fulfillment of the fundamental rights and freedoms of all people without distinction. It enables Roma students from a disadvantaged environment to obtain high-quality university education. As part of this program, Roma community applicants were successfully prepared for admission tests and they are currently students at undergraduate program at the University of Economics in Bratislava. 2015/2016 - 4 students (2 at FHI)                            2016/2017 - 1 student                            2017/2018 - 5 students (2 at the FHI) 2018/2019 – 2 students

27. Thank you for your attention!

28. Used data sources on Roma population: - Nationality data supplemented by population movement data - The Atlas of the Roma Communities 2004 and 2013 - Data provided by the Office of the Plenipotentiary of the Government of the SlovakRepublic for Roma Communities - Data from the United Nations Development Program

29. Používané zdroje údajov o Rómoch : • Údaje o národnej príslušnosti doplnené o údaje z pohybu obyvateľstva • Atlas rómskych komunít 2004, 2013 a 2019 • Údaje realizované Úradom splnomocnenca vlády SR pre rómske komunity, - Údaje z rozvojového programu Spojených národov