1 / 22

Report Writing

Report Writing. Report Writing. Report Writing----Involves a Process which Produces a Written Document Raises Questions: How To Write? No Fixed Answer: General Suggestions. Theory VS Practice. Theory VS Practice---General Debate Both Are Inter-Related

evelia
Download Presentation

Report Writing

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Report Writing

  2. Report Writing • Report Writing----Involves a Process which Produces a Written Document • Raises Questions: How To Write? • No Fixed Answer: General Suggestions

  3. Theory VS Practice • Theory VS Practice---General Debate • Both Are Inter-Related • How to Write? Learn By Writing---Cannot Avoid • How To Write? Some Suggestions, Tips, Right Steps • Helpful---Efficiency in Academic Research

  4. Research Proposal • Writing Begins with Research Proposal • Critical---Brings Clarity in Ideas, Issues, Scope and Organization of Study • Writing Report: About Central Ideas, Issues, Areas of Concern • Discussion of RP: Sort out Practical Issues

  5. Objective • Examples: • The objective of this study is to explain the fall of ethno-national movements in Pakistan • The purpose of this paper is to study the role of the state in economic development in South Asia in the post-cold war period • Other Terms: Problem Definition, Problem Statement

  6. Significance • Why to Study This Issue: Make A Claim • Theoretical Significance • Practical Significance

  7. Literature Review • Claim and Proof Question • Proof Of Your Claim---Gap in the Literature

  8. Overview of Argument • Argument (Hypothesis) • Theoretical Argument • Empirical Argument

  9. Methodology • How will you prove your hypothesis? • How will you test your hypothesis?

  10. Organization • Parts of the study, Content? • The way they are organized • Linkage Between Parts

  11. Definitional IssuesPart of Research Report • Theme: Broad Idea, Broad Area under Discussion, Subject Matter of Conversation • Theme of A Conference: Stability in South Asia • Rise of Terrorist Movements in South Asia • Political Stability and Foreign Investment in Pakistan • Theme of Book: Clash of Civilization

  12. Definitional Issues • Central Thesis? • Example: Stability (or other public goods such as peace, open seas, international trade, etc.) is provided by hegemons because they benefit most from it. • Thesis: Idea, Hypothesis, Argument, Main Point • Argument: Not only hypothesis, idea but also elaboration of mechanisms through which this occurs

  13. Thesis • Example: The globalization is so powerful that it is changing local culture in developing countries • The attack on video shops in Pakistan is an expression of the resistance of the local culture against the global culture. • Ideas, Hypotheses, Concepts, Phenomena

  14. Thesis Statement 1. A Short Statement of the Thesis---One or Two Sentences 2. A Statement Which Presents Brief Argument to Reader • A Theoretical Premise to be Proven • A (Theoretical) Position ( or Claim you Make) on the Subject • A Statement which Identifies the Purpose and Previews Main Ideas and Argument of the Study • A Guide (Roadmap) for Reader

  15. Report WritingGeneral Guidelines • Why Report Writing? Sharing Results, Building Knowledge • Thinking As Early As Possible • Preserve Notes, Data

  16. Report WritingGeneral Guidelines • Original Research Question? Central Issue? • Unit of Analysis---Ecological Fallacy • Be Clear about Findings and Conclusions • Data Evaluation, Interpretation, Conclusions

  17. Report WritingGeneral Guidelines • Many Parts of Report---Organization Thoughts Important • Pre-Writing Stage: Arrange Notes, Outline (Main Ideas, Contents of Parts) • Composing (First Draft---Free Writing, Complete Report • Rewriting---Improvements, Discussion, Coherence, Errors, Citations, etc.

  18. Report WritingGeneral Guidelines • Parts of Report---Organization • Introduction: Objective (Problem Identification, Reason for Research, Research Questions, Brief Argument, Description of Procedures) • Discussion of Data, Material----Different Areas, Linkages, Relationships, Conclusions (Chapters, Sections, Headings, Subheadings)

  19. Report WritingGeneral Guidelines • Restate Relationships, Meanings Found in Data • Relate Findings to Original Research Question • Draw Conclusions: Specific, General (Restate Empirical Findings, General Issues, Broad Context) • Policy Implications, Future Research Areas

  20. Report WritingGeneral Guidelines • Clarity and New Ideas---Process of Writing • Limit Conclusions----Supported By Evidence • Writer’s Block---Mind Goes Blank (Solution: Break) • No Perfection

  21. Report WritingGeneral Guidelines • Clarity, Accuracy, Reflection of Logical Thinking, Step-By-Step Discussion, Coherence, Organization • Reflects Good Understanding of Substantive (theory and data) and Methodological Areas • Use of Technical Terms

  22. Report WritingGeneral Guidelines • Avoid Repetition • Avoid Wordiness, Flowery Language • Avoid Moralizing Style, Advocacy Research • Avoid Plagiarism—a Form of Cheating • Golden Principle: Apprenticeship---Role of Supervisor

More Related