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Potassium

Potassium. Produced by: Sir Paul Nolan Delfeld III Young Chemist Pablo. Potassium 1s 2 2s 2 2p 6 3s 2 3p 6 4s 1. Atomic symbol: K Atomic number: 19 Atomic weight: 39.0983 Symbol comes from Latin word “Kalium” for alkali Name comes from Potash (important item in discovery)

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Potassium

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  1. Potassium Produced by: Sir Paul Nolan Delfeld III Young Chemist Pablo

  2. Potassium1s22s22p63s23p64s1 • Atomic symbol: K • Atomic number: 19 • Atomic weight: 39.0983 • Symbol comes from Latin word “Kalium” for alkali • Name comes from Potash (important item in discovery) • Melts at 336.80 K • Boils at 1047 K

  3. Discovery of Potassium • In 1807 by British chemist Humphry Davy. • He decomposed potash with an electric current and he thus isolated Potassium. • Days later Davy discovered Sodium in a similar experiment.

  4. Properties of Potassium • Soft (can be cut with a knife) • Silver-white • Silvery when cut but quickly oxidizes and becomes rusty • Violently reacts with water to produce Potassium Hydroxide (KOH) • So reactive in elemental state that in nature it’s only found as a compound. • Combines with oxygen so readily that it is usually in kerosene out of the reach of air • Substances with Potassium have a purplish flame

  5. Pop quiz! 1.) • < Banana (buh-nan-uh): a narrow, somewhat curved fruit, having a creamy flesh and a yellow or red skin.

  6. Pop quiz! Cont’d 2.) Explosives (Ecks-plo-sivs): a substance that can explode

  7. Pop quiz! Cont’d 3.) Fireworks (fir-werks) : firecrackers, rockets, etc., for noisy effects or brilliant displays

  8. How is Potassium Useful? • Vital to existence of all living things. • Potassium carbonate: used in soap and glass manufacturing • Potassium chloride: used in fertilizers and production of other compounds • Potassium chlorate and perchlorate: used in explosives and fireworks. • Potassium nitrate: used in matches and explosives • Potassium hydroxide: used in soaps

  9. How is Potassium Useful? Cont’d • Potassium aluminum sulfate: used in tanning, water purification, and baking powder. • Potassium permanganate: used in medicine as antiseptic and disinfectant

  10. Cost of Potassium • Expensive because it’s harder to produce • Potassium is so similar to Sodium that sodium is usually used in the place of potassium so the rarity makes potassium more costly.

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