A History of Canterbury

1. A History of Canterbury 150 years of cultural diversity

2. Some Questions • 1. What makes your community unique? Consider the location, the natural history of the area, a user-friendly map & the factors that contribute to your community's sense of identity. • 2. What are the demographic characteristics of your community? Consider age structure, ethnic composition, growth rates, distribution, population size & gender. • 3. How has your community changed over time? Consider 10-year time blocks and the significant changes that have taken place in the community. • 4. What are the predominant factor/s that have caused and are causing change in your community? • 5. How have people responded to change in your community? Consider individuals, groups, governments and community group's perspectives

3. Summary • Chronological History of Canterbury • Focus: Geography, Culture, Demographics • Answers to question will be spread throughout the presentation.

4. Canterbury? • Canterbury is an LGA (Local Government Area) covering 34km2 • Formed in 1879 as a municipality • Declared a city in 1993.

6. A quick comparison….

9. Canterbury is less than half the size of Ku-Ring-Gai • Canterbury has a greater population and greater amount of dwellings.

10. Aboriginal History • Early Aboriginal communities populated around major rivers- Georges River, Cooks River, Wolli Creek • Main food source seafood as indicated by ‘middens’, deposits of bone.

11. Cooks River Georges River Wolli Creek

12. Darug Speakers Dharawal Speakers

13. Early Colonial Period • First land grant in 1793 to the Reverend Richard Johnson by Governor Philip • Most successful farm in the colony

14. Hannah Laycock granted a farm in 1804. • Successful farm leading to more grants

15. Early Industries Farming Lowry, Wilson, 1762-1824. Saunderson's farm looking down the river [not in Canterbury area]

16. Timber Timber Cutting in Victoria 1866

17. Charcoal Burners

18. Early Demographics Resistance to Settlers by Aboriginal Clans in 1809 Salt Pan Creeks and Georges River were important food sources for Aboriginal tribes. The Sydney Gazette records a few in areas where land grants have been issued. As settlers begin to cultivate their farms, resistance from Aboriginal clans is likely to have occurred.

19. Chinese Market Gardens

20. By 1897, only 800 people of British descent are living in the Canterbury Area.

21. Residents in Punchbowl are opposed to ‘incorporation’. Parkes of Earlwood, 1860.Photograph courtesy Ron Hunt.

23. Crossings and Getting Around • One of the greatest challenges of Canterbury was getting to other places. • Bridges were crucial for getting goods into the city for markets. • Other options included horseback and omnibus.

24. Industralisation • Cooks River as a dumping ground for waste. • Tanneries, factories and the sugar mill. • Formation of the Cooks River Improvement League.

25. Federation Period • Farms sold off and subdivided. • Railways and trams increase access to Canterbury • Land is inexpensive compared to other areas due to poor infrastructure

26. Formation of Canterbury Suburbs • Typical Inner West Suburbs- town centre, terraced housing and residential. • A typical Canterbury suburb- single street town centre, residential and industrial ‘filler’.

27. Development in Canterbury • Lateness in development- electricity, tarred streets and numbering behind.

28. 1950s • Electronic factories in the Kingsgrove district. • Sunbeam Factory • Cars become more commonplace, the beginning of commuting.

29. Housing Changes • Late 60s, introduction of unit style housing in Canterbury. • Increasingly popular as a more affordable option. • Riverwood- the ‘towers’, mainly medium to low rise units.

30. Demographics by Era Pre 1940s- mainly British descendants, small Chinese population.

31. Post World War II • European Migrants • Italian and Greek communities • Earlwood as a Greek centre

32. 1970s • Civil War in Lebanon • Community migrates slightly towards Burwood.

33. 1980s • Chinese and Korean migrants • Chinese communities remain consistently strong

34. Transitioned Communities • Jewish community in 1950s moved to the Eastern suburbs • Spanish community in 1970s moved elsewhere.

35. Currently Growing Communities • Pacific Islander • African

36. Why Canterbury? • Land is more affordable • Direct access to the city • Pre-existing communities

37. Type of Housing, ie. Units

38. Communities and Change Campsie Food Festival

39. Haldon Street Festival

40. Communities and Change • Multicultural Services e.g. CASS, Chinese Australian Services Society • Language collections in the Library • Migrant Resource Centres

41. What makes your community unique? Consider the location, the natural history of the area, a user-friendly map & the factors that contribute to your community's sense of identity. • Canterbury Commons’ Introduction to Canterbury http://canterburycommons.net/index.php?title=Canterbury_(Local_Government_Area)

42. Council’s Website http://www.canterbury.nsw.gov.au • Local Newspapers Canterbury-Bankstown Torch http://www.thetorch.com.au/

43. What are the demographic characteristics of your community? • Consider age structure, ethnic composition, growth rates, distribution, population size & gender. Community Profile http://profile.id.com.au/canterbury/home Census Quickstats http://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/census_services/getproduct/census/2011/quickstat/0

44. How has your community changed over time? • Canterbury Commons’ Introduction to Canterbury http://canterburycommons.net/index.php?title=Canterbury_(Local_Government_Area) • Australian Bureau of Statistics • http://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/

45. What are the predominant factor/s that have caused and are causing change in your community? • Consider: Transport, Industry, Land Price, Housing Type, Cultural Communities

46. How have people responded to change in your community? • Consider individuals, groups, governments and community group's perspectives Local Newspapers Canterbury-Bankstown Torch http://www.thetorch.com.au/

47. Government: Festivals • Community Groups: Multicultural groups and organisations.