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Basic Chemistry Fundamentals Explained

Understand matter, elements, compounds, and molecules in this basic chemistry overview. Explore solid, liquid, and gas states with key facts about atoms and subatomic particles. Discover the properties of inorganic and organic compounds.

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Basic Chemistry Fundamentals Explained

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  1. Basic Chemistry www.assignmentpoint.com

  2. Matter Matter = any material substance with Mass & Volume www.assignmentpoint.com

  3. Solid Gas Liquid Matter comes in 3 phases www.assignmentpoint.com

  4. Solid Definite Shape Definite Volume www.assignmentpoint.com

  5. Liquid Indefinite Shape – takes the shape of the container Definite Volume www.assignmentpoint.com

  6. Gas Indefinite Shape – takes the shape of the container Indefinite Volume – can expand and be compressed www.assignmentpoint.com

  7. Elements one of the 100+ pure substances that make up everything in the universe www.assignmentpoint.com

  8. H = Hydrogen Na = Sodium Ca = Calcium C = Carbon K = Potassium O = Oxygen I = Iodine N = Nitrogen Cl = Chlorine S = Sulfur P = Phosphorus Examples of Elements www.assignmentpoint.com

  9. Atom the smallest particle making up elements www.assignmentpoint.com

  10. Sub-atomic Particles Protons p+ - positive charge, in nucleus Neutrons n0 – no charge, in nucleus Electrons - e- negative charge, orbiting nucleus www.assignmentpoint.com

  11. 6 Atomic # C 12.011 Atomic Mass Drawing an Atom of Carbon = # of p+ and # of e- Carbon has 6 p+ and 6 e- minus Atomic # = # of n0 Carbon has 6 n0 www.assignmentpoint.com

  12. e- e- 6 p+ 6 n0 e- e- e- e- Drawing an Atom of Carbon www.assignmentpoint.com

  13. Compounds Compounds - 2 or more elements chemically combined to form a new substance with new properties Properties– The way a chemical substance looks and behaves www.assignmentpoint.com

  14. H + O H2O = O H H Compounds Compounds – are made of 2 or more different atoms combined to form Molecules Chemical formula lists the number of different atoms in a single molecule Structural formula shows the arrangement of the atoms in a single molecule www.assignmentpoint.com

  15. H H C C O C6H12O6 H H H C C H O H O H O H O H C C Chemical formula H O H Structural formula Molecules Glucose Sugar www.assignmentpoint.com

  16. Inorganic Compounds Organic Compounds or Compounds • usually don’t contain Carbon • generally come from the earth • generally simple molecules • always contain C & H and usually O, N, sometimes S & P • originate in organisms • generally complex molecules www.assignmentpoint.com

  17. H + O = H2O = Water H + Cl = HCl = Hydrochloric Acid C + O = CO2 = Carbon Dioxide Na + Cl = NaCl = Common Table Salt Examples of Inorganic Compounds www.assignmentpoint.com

  18. Carbohydrates = Sugars, starches & cellulose C, H + O C, H + O Lipids = Fats & Oils C, H, O, N, & sometimes P + S Proteins C, H, O, N, + P Nucleic Acids – DNA & RNA Examples of Organic Compounds www.assignmentpoint.com

  19. Chemistry Diga, diga, diga, diga, that’s all folks! www.assignmentpoint.com

  20. This powerpoint was kindly donated to www.worldofteaching.com http://www.worldofteaching.com is home to over a thousand powerpoints submitted by teachers. This is a completely free site and requires no registration. Please visit and I hope it will help in your teaching. www.assignmentpoint.com

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