IKIGANIRO KU BUZEREREZI MU BANA USANGA MU MIJYI NA “CENTRES” Z’UBUCURUZI MU RWANDA

1. IKIGANIRO KU BUZEREREZI MU BANA USANGA MU MIJYI NA “CENTRES” Z’UBUCURUZI MU RWANDA 1

2. IBIRIMO Intangiriro Ubusobanuro bw’ijambo “Umwana w’Inzererezi” Uko ikibazo giteye • Ku rwego rw’Isi • Muri Afurika • Mu Rwanda Icyakozwe Ibibazo byagaragaye Ingamba

3. INTANGIRIRO Ikibazo cy’abana b’inzererezi cyatangiye kuvugwaho muri rusange kw’Isi mu mwaka wa 1848 I Roma, cyagaragaye mu bana babyarwaga n’abakora umwuga w’uburaya, cyaje kugaragara cyane nyuma y’intambara ya mbere y’isi yose mu mwaka wa 1922, ari nako cyagendaga gifata indi sura mu mijyi yateraga imbere haba muri Afurika ,Asiya n’ahandi. Mu Rwanda cyagaragaye mu mwaka wa 1984, muri uyu mwaka abana bitabwagaho n’idini Gaturika binyujijwe muri mu bigo bya : Caritas Diocisin n’abasereziani bo mu Gatenga.

4. UBUSOBANURO BW’IJAMBO “UMWANA WO MU MUHANDA” • Ijambo umwana wo mu muhanda ni ijambo rikoreshwa kenshi ku mwana utagira aho ataha, utuye ku muhanda, ubusobanuro duhabwa na UNICEF n’uko ari “Umwana w’umukobwa cg se w’umuhugu uri munsi y’imyaka 18 aho “umuhanda” (ahadafite nyiraho ) habaye iwabo ndetse hakaba ahaturuka ibimutunga kandi uwo mwana ntazwi nta numwitayeho.

5. UKO IKIBAZO GITEYE Ku isi: Ikibazo cy’abana bo mu muhanda ni ikibazo usanga ku isi hose, kandi umubare w’abana bajya mu muhanda ugenda wiyongera, ubu kw’isi habarurwa abana barenga miriyoni 150,000,000((http://famvin.org/en/2004/10/27/150-million-street-children-worldwide/). Mu africa: Muri Afurika abana bo mu muhanda bararenga miriyoni 30 (http://www.streetchildafrica.org.uk/pages/what-we-do.html). Mu Rwanda by’umwihariko, ikibazo cy’abana bo mu muhanda naho kirahagaragara nkuko bigaragazwa n’ubushakashatsi bwakozwe hagati ya NCC na UNICEF mu mwaka wa 2012, ubu mu bigo dufitemo abana 1104.

6. UKO IKIBAZO GITEYE(CONT’) • Abakobwa ni 83 • Abahungu ni 1121 Abana bose hamwe bari mu bigo bibitaho 25 na“Transit Centers” 3 ziyongeraho, izindi zishyirwaho n’Uturere muri gahunda yo kurwanya ubuzererezi. Naho umubare w’abana bari mu muhanda wo ntago izwi Ubushashatsi bwakozwe hagati ya NCC na UNICEF bwagaragaje ibi bikurikira mu Turere twa : Nyarugenge, Gasabo, Kicukiro, Muhanga, Huye, Rusizi, Rubavu, Musanze, Gicumbi, Bugesera, Kayonza.

7. Aho dusanga abana b’inzererezi • Imijyi; • “Centres” z’ubucuruzi • Amasoko; • Ku bimpoteri (Aho bamena imyanda). • Aho abagenzi bategera imodoka • Abana bari mu muhanda bari mu byiciro 2: • Abana baciye indaro mu muhanda • Abana bajya buri munsi cg kenshi gukora imirimo inyuranye mu mijyi, amasoko, …….(muri iki cyiciro harimo n’ababyeyi bajyana n’abana gusabiriza). • Ikibazo bahuriyeho ni uko baba barataye ishuri cg batarigeze baritangira. 7

8. IMPAMVU ZITERA UBUZEREREZI BW’ABANA • Ubukene bw’ababyeyi; • Gufatwa nabi mu muryango (Cyane mu gihe ababyeyi batakibana ); • Ubwumvikane buke n’umwiryane hagati y’ababyeyi; • Ubupfubyi bw’umwana ku babyeyi bombi; • Umubare w’abana benshi mu miryango; • Kunanirana n’uburara bw’abana; • Kudohoka kw’ababyeyi ku nshingano zabo; • Kuba abana bakoreshwa imirimo myinshi ntibahabwe umwanya wo gukina no kwidagadura;

9. UKO ABANA BO MU MUHANDA BABAHO • GUKORESHA IBIYOBYABWENGE • Ganja( cannabis sativa) • Ikivuge (Glue) • Kanyanga (illicit spirit = disapproved of or not permitted for moral or ethical reasons) • Petrol (Premium essence) • Tunuri (Illicit brew = to make (beer, ale, etc.) by steeping, boiling, and fermenting malt and hops) • Muriture (illicit brews) • Bareteta (illicit brew) • Mailungi (khat) • Igisasu (illicit brew) • Mugo (illicit brew) • Trente-six oiseaux (thirty six seed from a local wild plant called Rwiziringa that are taken once)

10. UBURYO BWO KUBAHO • Gusaba; • Kwiba mu ngo z’abantu /ku muhanda; • Kugura ibyo kurya; • Kurya ibyasigaye mu ma resitora; • Ubugiraneza bw’abantu; • Gutoragura ibyo kurya mu bimpoteri cyangwa aho imodoka zihagarara/mu baturanyi babo; • Utabonye asangira n’utagize icyo abona; • Hari abarya iwabo.

11. IBIBAZO BAHURIRA NABYO MU MUHANDA • Gufatwa ku ngufu; • Gukubitwa no gukomeretswa; • Kutagira ibyo kurya/Inzara; • Kutagira aho kuryama; • Kutavurwa mu gihe cy’ubrwayi; • Kubaho nabi buri gihe; • Gufatwa nabi na buri wese umubonye (umwana mubi).

12. AKWIYE GUFATWA ATE • Kwitabwaho nkabandi bana bose; • Gukundwa; • Aho kumubona nk’ikibazo mubone nk’uwagize ikibazo Cg uwagitejwe; • Guhindura imyumvire itari myiza abantu bafite ku bana bo mu muhanda; • Abamwitaho bakwiye kubakirwa ubushobozi; • Gukurwa mu muhanda akubakirwa ubushobozi kugira ngo ahuzwe n’umuryango mu buryo burambye.

13. ICYAKOZWE(cont’) • Politiki ihuza uburenganzira bwose bw’umwana; yarakozwe kandi iri gushyirwa mu bikorwa kugira ngo umwana wese yitabweho harimo n’umwana wo mu muhanda; • Hashyizweho Transit Centers 3 zakirirwamo abana b’inzererezi bavanwe mu mihanda kandi zirarushaho kwiyongera hagendewe kuri gahunda z’Uturere; • Uyu mwaka hatewe inkunga ibigo 16 byita ku bana b’inzererezi byose byahawe miliyoni 264,368,268.

14. ICYAKOZWE (cont’) • Hari amafaranga yatanzwe na Leta n’ubu agitangwa binyujijwe muri NCC akohererezwa Uturere kugira ngo abana bari mu bigo by’inzererezi bitabweho: Urugero mu mwanka w’ingengo y’imali wa 2013-2014 ibigo byita ku bana b’inzererezi byahawe miliyoni 268,368,268 z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda; naho muri uyu mwaka wa 2014-2015 ni 264,368,268. • Abasosiyari b’ibigo byita ku bana b’inzererezi bafasha abana kuva mu ma seta yabo yo ku muhanda bajya muri ibi bigo bibitaho igihe gito bakabategura ndetse n’imiryango yabo, bagahita bajyanwa mu miryango bakomokamo ndetse n’iyo babashakiye aho bishoboka;

15. ICYAKOZWE (cont’) • Abana bahoze mu buzererezi bakabuvanwamo n’ibigo bibibitaho basubijwe mu miryango yabo. Mu mwaka wa 2013/2014 hasubujwe mu muryango abana 1036; • Hateguwe gahunda yo kuvana abana b’inzererezi mu mihanda(ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya ICRP), kubasubiza mu buzima busanzwe no gukumira ikibazo cy’ubuzererezi; • Umwaka wa 2014-2015 hazaterwa inkunga imiryango 394 ifite abana bavuye mu muhanda • Imiryango 15 izafashwa muri buri Karere mu mwaka wa 2014-2015

16. ICYAKOZWE (cont’) • Umushinga w’itegeko rya Prerezida rishyiraho “ibigo by’agateganyo byita ku bana b’inzererezi warakozwe ndetse waganiriweho n’abafatanyabikorwa.

17. Ibyo NCC isaba UTURERE • Gukangurira ababyeyi kwita ku nshingano zabo, gukurikirana ko nta bana bava mu miryango yabo ngo bajye mu mihanda no kugira inama ababyeyi bateshuka ku nshingano zo kwita ku bana babo; • Gukora raporo igaragaza abana bavuye mu miryango yabo bakajya mu mihanda igashyikirizwa NCC • Kugaragaza imiryango ikennye kurusha indi no kuyifasha muri gahunda zatuma yivana mu bukene (ubudehe, amakoperative,VUP …..);

18. Ibyo NCC isaba UTURERE (Con’t) • Gushyira mu mihigo yatwo gahunda yo gukumira ubuzererezi; • Kumenyekanisha mu baturage ikibazo cy’abana b’inzererezi no kubashishikariza kurinda no guteza imbere uburenganzira bwabo; • Kuganiriza umubyeyi uta inshingano zo kwita ku mwana yabyaye cg yemeye kwitaho. • Guteza imbere ibiganiro hagati y’umubyeyi n’Abana arerera; • Igenzura rihoraho ku kibazo cy’ubuzererezi kugira ngo biherweho hafatwa ingamba zo gukumira; mu Midugudu ndetse no mu mashuri • Gukoresha amafaranga aba yagenewe ibikorwa byose bireba abana mu Turere

19. Icyo NCC isaba ibigo byita ku bana b’Inzererezi • Kubakangurira kuva mu buzererezi (Babasanze ku ma seta yabo cg cyangwa ubukangurambaga bwa rusange); • Gushaka umuryango w’umwana adatindijwe mu kigo (igihe umuryango w’umwana uzwi); • Gutanga raporo buri gihembwe n’igihe icyo ari cyo cyose NCC icyeneye amakuru ku bana

20. Ibibazo byagaragaye • Abana bakomeje kwiyongera ku muhanda; • Ababyeyi bamwe ntibita ku nshingano yo kurera abana babo; • Ukudakoresha ingengo y’imari yateganyirijwe gutera inkunga ibikorwa byose bigenerwa abana mu Turere tumwe na tumwe Urugero: Ni nka Kicukiro, Bugesera, Karongi na Rutsiro • Ingengo y’imari ishyirwa muri gahunda yo kurwanya ubuzererezi mu bana no guhuza umwana n’umuryango iracyari nke; • Imbaraga zishyirwa mu ikumira ry’ikibazo ni nkeya • Ikigo kibakira cya Gikondo TC gifite ubushobozi buke

21. INGAMBA • Kuvana abana b’inzererezi mu mihanda no kubashyira mu bigo bibategurira gusubira mu buzima busanzwe; • Gusubiza abana b’inzererezi mu buzima busanzwe, ubu mu bigo hari mo abana 1104; abakobwa ni 83 naho abahungu ni 1021 • Gukangurira abaturage n’inzego z’ibanze kurinda abana ubuzererezi; • Gukumira kugira ngo hatagira abana bakomeza kujya mu muhanda. • Kubaka ubushobozi bw’imiryango ifite ibibazo • Gukemura ikibazo cy’umwana mu buryo burambye 21

22. We owe our children – the most vulnerable citizens in any society – a life free from violence and fear.” Nelson Mandela MURAKOZE 22