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The Writing Process:. Stage 1 Prewriting. Writing Process: Overview. Focus is on what students think and do as they write. It is a process. It is not linear, but recursive . The stages merge and recur as students write. Stage 1: Prewriting. It is the getting-ready to write stage.
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The Writing Process: Stage 1 Prewriting
Writing Process: Overview • Focus is on what students think and do as they write. • It is a process. • It is not linear, but recursive. • The stages merge and recur as students write.
Stage 1: Prewriting • It is the getting-ready to write stage. • Up to 70% of writing time needs to be spent in prewriting. • Teach the structure of the form (narrative, poetry, biography, correspondence, or another written language form).
Stage 1 - Prewriting Choosing a Topic • Teachers should not supply topics for students -- "writing welfare" (Graves, 1976). • Specify writing form & function (i.e., share what you have learned about ...), but have students choose their own specific content.
Stage 1 – PrewritingPurpose • Students think about purpose of writing • To entertain? • To inform? • To persuade? • Important because it influences decisions students make about audience and form
Stage 1 - PrewritingAudience • Student authors may write for themselves or for others. • Writing for others requires adapting writing to fit the audience.
Stage 1 - PrewritingForm • Six Writing Genres • Descriptive • Informational (Expository) • autobiography/biography • Journals / Letters (Correspondence) • Persuasive • Poetry • Story (Narrative)
Stage 1 – PrewritingGPS Forms of Writing • Narrative • Expository • Persuasive • Response to literature
Stage 1 – PrewritingGraphic Organizers Purposes • to plan writing using words and/or phrases rather than complete sentences • to plan writing in sequenced steps and/or in precise locations on the organizer • to see the content of writing as a whole
Stage 1: PrewritingGraphic Organizers: Purposes • to see interrelationships among the content of the writing • to see where additional planning is needed • to see the structure of written language forms
Stage 1: PrewritingTypes of Graphic Organizers • story maps • poetic graphic organizers • correspondence graphic organizers • auto/biographic graphic organizers • compare & contrast organizers • sequence organizers • expository organizers
GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS • http://www.edhelper.com/teachers/graphic_organizers.htm • http://www.teachervision.fen.com/page/6293.html • http://www.eduplace.com/graphicorganizer/
Stage 1: PrewritingTeaching 1.Model the use of a graphic organizer or other prewriting strategy. 2.Have students use the strategy.
