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Forms of Governments

Forms of Governments. Types: Who governs and what is the citizen participation? There are four types: Autocracy Oligarchy Democracy Self-Rule Systems: How is power distributed? There are three ways governments distribute power: Unitary Confederation Federal.

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Forms of Governments

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  1. Forms of Governments

  2. Types: Who governs and what is the citizen participation? • There are four types: • Autocracy • Oligarchy • Democracy • Self-Rule • Systems: How is power distributed? • There are three ways governments distribute power: • Unitary • Confederation • Federal To study governments, we need to look at:

  3. TYPES

  4. Government in which the power to govern is held by one person. • Generally the power to rule is inherited or by military force. • There are three types of Autocracy • Dictatorship: leader has not been elected and uses force to control all aspects of social and economic life. • Absolute Monarchy: power is inherited • Constitutional Monarchy: power is inherited but shared with elected legislatures. Autocracy

  5. A government in which a few people such as a dominant clan or clique has power. This group gets their power from either military, wealth, or social status. Elections may be held, but offer only one candidate. Oligarchy

  6. In a democracy, the government is “Rule by the People” • There are two forms of democracy • Direct Democracy: people vote on all the issues. • Representative Democracy: people elect representatives and give them the power to vote on issues Democracy

  7. SYSTEMS

  8. One central government controls everything Power is not shared between states, counties or provinces Examples: United Kingdom, France, Netherlands, and Spain. Unitary

  9. A voluntary association of independent states that agrees to follow a powerful central government. Nations can choose to follow or not follow the lead of the weak central government. Examples: Confederate States of America (1861-1865) and Russian Federation. Confederation

  10. Power is shared by a powerful central government. States or provinces are given considerable self rule, usually through their own legislatures. Examples: United States and Germany Federal

  11. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dTYp9YJZqTI&feature=results_video&playnext=1&list=PLAFF8CF76B7C2BEB6http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dTYp9YJZqTI&feature=results_video&playnext=1&list=PLAFF8CF76B7C2BEB6

  12. Quality of Life and Human Rights: • Democracy • Freedom to choose leaders • Take life for granted • Can do almost anything • Self Rule • Right to an opinion • Open-minded, tolerant government • Freedoms • Reasonable rules • Oligarchy • Life is measured by wealth • Little power or wealth for average person • Sheltered life • Favoritism • Forced beliefs • Drafted to war • Social status determines everything • Autocracy • No freedom in choosing leaders • Always scared • At the dictators command • No opportunity • No human rights • No self worth

  13. Democracy

  14. What does living in democracy mean to you? • Rule by the people • Citizens of democracy exercise power directly in choosing leaders and laws. • Provides freedom of speech, press, and religion. • Economics resources are controlled by private individuals or the government. • Two Types: • Presidential Democracy: President is Head of State and Head of Government • Parliamentary Democracy: Head of State is a President figure with no real power and Head of Government is elected by the people and runs the government.

  15. Pillars of Democracy • Sovereignty of the people • Government is based uponconsent of the governed • Majority rule, minority rights • Guarantee of basichumanrights • Free and fair elections • Equality before the law • Dueprocess of law

  16. Free, electoral democracies • Partially free, electoral democracies      • Partially free, not electoral democracies   • Not free, not electoral democracies

  17. Human Rights: basic freedoms entitled to everyone • What would your human rights be under this form of government? • Freedom of Speech, Press, Assembly, Equality before the law. • Right to life and liberty • Right to food, work, education

  18. Advantages and Disadvantages • Advantages: • Direct Democracy: • Every citizen has equal power • Individual Liberties are protected • Broad base of support and loyalty. • Representative Democracy: • Citizens are involved in decision making (through their representatives, lobbying, and voting.) • Representatives are aware their job depends on meeting the needs of their constituents.

  19. Advantages and Disadvantages • Disadvantages: • Direct Democracy • Ability to gather all citizens in one place is necessary. • Decisions making involving all citizens is time consuming. • Representative Democracy • Desire of representative to please everyone may cripple system. • Representatives may not always agree with those they represent. • Lack of involved and educated citizens may allow special interest groups to influence or dominate representatives.

  20. Government Cows Capitalism: • If you have two cows, you sell one and buy a bull. (might even sell the bull’s services as well)

  21. Fascism

  22. Form of government headed by a dictator. Government controls all political, economic, cultural, and social activities. Government controls all forms of media. They allow only media to make themselves look good. Industry is owned by individuals, but the government controls them. What is it like?

  23. What is it like? Continued… • People are forced to be patriotic. Militaryservice is required. • Minorities are persecuted. Fascist consider themselves superior to all others. • Believe in survival of the fittest and a peaceful state will not survive. • Believe individualclasses are important in establishing an orderly society.

  24. Examples: • Current: • Historical

  25. Human Rights • What would your human rights be under this form of government? • No equality under law: sexual orientation, minorities, gender • No freedom of Religion • No freedom of Assembly, press, speech, etc… • CENSORSHIP • Fear of Death: Could be killed for numerous reasons

  26. Advantages: Keeps Political opponents quiet = No disturbances Decision making process is quick Unifies the Nation – Patriotic Basics are provided Heavy regulation of Business = protected laborer Disadvantages: No alternative views are accepted Brutal violence and repression No guarantee of liberty and human rights. Live in Fear No Government accountability or checks Advantages and Disadvantages

  27. Government Cows If you have two cows, you give them to the government, and the government sells you some milk.

  28. Communism/Socialism Stopping the spread of communism was the driving force Of the US foreign policy for the last 50 years.

  29. More accurately called an economic and social system rather than political systems. Communism was supposed to be the word for ideal/utopiansociety. Communism has ended up over the course of history to be applied to dictators in which the communist party has all the power to direct secretpolice, control economy, and make decisions for the good of the community. Communist do not allow any publiccriticism of the Party. What is it like?

  30. Socialism has become an ideal in which the government has control over various enterprises, including businesses, healthcare, housing, education, and endures that ALL people are provided with these opportunities. Some socialist governments vote for representatives just like present day democracies, they just have more involvement/control over private lives Wealth and income are distributedevenly by the state. What is it like continued…

  31. Vladimir Lenin was a follower of Karl Marx. *Believed the communist Bolshevik revolution should be quick and violent *Slogan “Peace, Land and Bread” *He is considered the Father of Communism First communist Country….Russia

  32. *A German philosopher *The Proletariat would redistribute the wealth equally *Eventually there would be no need for the government Karl Marx the Father of Socialism

  33. Socialism: • Germany (1949-1990) (Democratic Socialism 1990-present) • Sweden: “The beautiful nation of Sweden has the highest standard of living in the world. Its blossoming industry ranks far higher than the USA in most measurements. Life in Socialist Sweden is free of homeless, reckless, crazy people and full of well adjusted churchgoing citizens. In spite of the 55% income tax, Sweden has a history of strong family values, the most progressive education system in the world and extremely low unemployment.” • Socialist Programs in the United States ---- • True socialism as Karl Marx had intended could never happen…. Examples

  34. Examples: • Present Day Communist Countries: • China • North Korea • Cuba • Vietnam • Former Communist Countries: • USSR and the Iron Curtain *USSR (gone) *East Germany (Now one) *Poland *Czechoslovakia (gone) *Romania *Yugoslavia (gone) *Hungary

  35. Human Rights • What would your human rights be under this form of government? • At the will of the government • No freedom of speech, press, assembly, etc… • No freedom of religion, persecution based on leader • Equality is questionable • Severe punishment and high capital punishment rate

  36. Advantages: In theory, everyone is equal. No worries: Money, Food, Job, Home If strong, good leader = national stability Historically: high economic growth 0% Unemployment rate Disadvantages: Only one party Government owns all land, property, production Restricted freedoms Focus on group, not the individual No place for the over-achiever or ambitious. Advantages and Disadvantages

  37. Government Cows Communism: If you have two cows, you give them to the government, and the government gives you milk.

  38. Socialism: If you have two cows, you give your neighbor one of them. Government Cows

  39. Monarchy

  40. Constitutional Monarchy: • People are represented by legislature that make decisions. • People and legislature elect: Head of Government (Called Prime Minister) to run the government. • The Head of State is a King/Queen with no real power. • Absolute Monarchy: • State controlled by one ruler with no limits on his/her power. • The ruler does not have to obey the laws. • Monarch has totalcontrol on all government decisions. What is it like?

  41. Examples:

  42. Human Rights • What would your human rights be under this form of government? Depends on the Monarch…

  43. Advantages: No worry or conflict over elections Stable long line of heirs or rulers Traditions of the Country will be carried on (C.M.) Things get done (time efficient) (A.M.) Less chance of corruption, since they rule for a lifetime. Disadvantages: No voting on leader Does not represent the entire population Legacy of the past may be negative and elitist Inherited power does not guarantee good leadership Can easily turn into a dictatorship Advantages and Disadvantages

  44. Theocracy

  45. Derived from two Greek works meaning “rule by the deity,” is the name given to politicalregimes that claim to represent the Divine of earth both directly and immediately. What is it like?

  46. Examples Israel Iran Norway

  47. Human Rights • What would your human rights be under this form of government? • Depends on your leader… • Depends on how diverse the population is…

  48. Advantages General agreement on the operation of the country Helps keep religious tradition People usually admire and look up to their rulers Disadvantages Leader could make poor decisions Discrimination based on religion Disagreement over religious interpretations. Advantages and Disadvantages

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