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If you are a politician how do you become powerful?. Get people to do what you want!. How does Obama get people to do what he wants? Not because he is President but because… people…. GAVE him that power - Oprah, Ellen, Bill Gates, Lady Gaga….. called legitimacy.
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If you are a politician how do you become powerful? Get people to do what you want! How does Obama get people to do what he wants? Not because he is President but because… people…. GAVE him that power - Oprah, Ellen, Bill Gates, Lady Gaga….. called legitimacy Force theory - state/government came from group of people forcing themselves into power – this us? Evolutionary theory - government came from a family, evolved from there – this us?
More on legitimacy…. Divine Right theory - God created the state and royals had “divine right” to rule – this us? Mandate of Heaven – Similar to Divine Right… but heaven would bless a good ruler and with a bad ruler withdraw its mandate and allow from an overthrow – this us? Social Contract theory - people came together to create a state, gave up personal power and freedom to the state so it could protect us - state is to serve us, we are the power behind it and we can take it away if need – this us?
STATES IN THE WORLD…. • 193, 195, or 196 “states” (countries) in the world - all different in size, military strength, natural resources, economies… • “States” - called nation’s or country’s, need these 4 characteristics… • Population • Territory - recognized boundaries • Sovereignty - it has the power within its land to decide policies - what about 50 states? • Government
Government is… • 3 basic kinds of power in democracy: • Legislative Power-make laws • Executive Power- execute laws • Judicial Power- interpret laws An institution that allows a society to make and enforce policies like… taxes, defense, education… Government is necessary… Remember Somalia? What the heck is government’s job? I mean really, what is the point?
Specifically… government purpose is to… • Some of these you already mentioned… • Form a More Perfect Union – strength in numbers! • Establish Justice– • Insure Domestic Tranquility – • Provide Defense – defend people, keep us safe • Promote Welfare – • Secure Liberty (Freedom) – different liberties are different issues at a time – an example… Gay Marriage “Equal Justice for All” – has to be fair keep the peace at home create schools, hospitals, clean air/H2O Have you heard these purposes before? Ring any bells?
We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.
6 principles of gov… NEED TO KNOW! 1. Federalism 2. Checks and balances Division of power between federal/state gov. Federal gov. handle big issues, states have “permission” or power to handle smaller issues (video 9) Each branch has constitutional checks on each other to keep power under control (video 8) 3. Separation of powers Constitution distributes powers to legislative, executive, judicial branch – wanted to limit each’s power 4. Judicial review Make sure the gov. is acting within the Constitution – they can decide if the gov. actions are lawful, if the gov. is acting within the law
And the last two….. 5. Popular sovereignty The people are the ONLY source for any and all gov. power Gov. can only govern with the people’s consent 6. Limited Government No gov. is all powerful, gov. can only do those things the PEOPLE allow it to do! These two are hand in hand… The people are the only source of gov. power (#5) and the gov. only has the authority to do what the people allow it to do! (#6)
Major players in establishing the first government’s There were early, early government’s and early, early people who always questioned those government’s and how to improve upon them Those people and those government’s YOU are going to learn about and teach the rest of us!
Make your world history teacher’s feel good about themselves…. What do you remember about the Enlightenment in Europe? • Intellectual movement in Europe during 1600 – 1700s • Thinkers stressed science and reason to improve society and government • Wanted to develop new ideas about world, be open to progress and change, more emphasis put on human/individual rights and the common good, less on the king and “divine right” • Believed in idea of natural law – set of moral principles that can be applied to any civilization – using reason and inborn sense of what is right and wrong