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ROCKS AND MINERALS

ROCKS AND MINERALS. UNIT ONE. WARM-UP #1. A mineral is inorganic, which means that it contains. ANSWER. no materials that were once part of living things. WARM-UP #2. The repeating pattern of a mineral’s particles forms a solid called a(an). ANSWER. crystal. VOCABULARY. mineral

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ROCKS AND MINERALS

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  1. ROCKS AND MINERALS UNIT ONE

  2. WARM-UP #1 • A mineral is inorganic, which means that it contains

  3. ANSWER • no materials that were once part of living things.

  4. WARM-UP #2 • The repeating pattern of a mineral’s particles forms a solid called a(an)

  5. ANSWER • crystal.

  6. VOCABULARY • mineral • inorganic • crystal • streak

  7. VOCABULARY • Mineral  • A naturally occurring inorganic solid that has a crystal structure and definite chemical composition. • Inorganic  • Not formed from living things or the remains of living things

  8. VOCABULARY • Crystal  • A solid in which the atoms are arranged in a pattern that repeats over and over again • Streak • The color of the minerals powder

  9. WARM-UP #3 • Although brick, steel, and glass all come from substances found in Earth’s crust, they are not classified as minerals because

  10. ANSWER • They are not naturally occurring

  11. WARM-UP #4 • Most minerals do NOT split apart evenly. Instead, they have a characteristic type of

  12. ANSWER • fracture

  13. VOCABULARY • luster • Mohs hardness scale • cleavage, • fracture

  14. VOCABULARY • luster • The way a mineral reflects light from its surface • Mohs hardness scale   • A chart, with numbers, that ranks the hardness of the mineral as it relates to other minerals

  15. VOCABULARY • cleavage • The minerals ability to split easily along flat surfaces • fracture • The way a mineral looks when it breaks apart in an irregular way

  16. WARM-UP #5 • The softest mineral on the Mohs hardness scale is

  17. ANSWER • talc

  18. WARM-UP #6 • Igneous rock that cools very quickly when it forms may have a texture that is

  19. ANSWER • smooth and shiny with no visible grain

  20. VOCABULARY • granite • basalt • grains • texture

  21. VOCABULARY • Granite  • A usually light colored igneous rock that is found in the continental crust • Basalt  • A dark dense igneous rock with a fine grain that is found in the oceanic crust

  22. VOCABULARY • grains • The particles o f minerals and other rocks that give a rock its texture • texture • The look and feel of a rocks surface, determined by the size, shape, ad patterns of the rocks grains

  23. WARM-UP #7 • When all the grains in a rock are large and easy to see, the rock is described as

  24. ANSWER • coarse grained

  25. WARM-UP #8 • Rock that forms from the cooling of magma below the surface or lava at the surface is called

  26. ANSWER • igneous rock

  27. VOCABULARY • Igneous • sedimentary • metamorphic

  28. VOCABULARY • Igneous • A type of rock that forms from cooling of molten rock at or below the surface

  29. VOCABULARY • sedimentary, • A type of rock that forms when the particle of other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together

  30. VOCABULARY • Metamorphic • A type of rock that forms from an existing rock that is changed by heat, pressure or chemical reaction

  31. WARM-UP #9 • Where does most metamorphic rock form?

  32. ANSWER • Deep underground

  33. WARM-UP #10 • The most abundant intrusive, igneous rock in the continental crust is

  34. ANSWER • granite

  35. WARM-UP #11 • The process by which sediment settles out of the water or wind carrying it is

  36. ANSWER • deposition

  37. VOCABULARY • Extrusive • intrusive

  38. VOCABULARY • Extrusive • Igneous rock that forms from lava at the Earth’s surface

  39. VOCABULARY • Intrusive • Igneous rock that forms When magma hardens beneath Earth’s surface

  40. WARM-UP #12 • A sedimentary rock made up of rock fragments with rounded edges is called

  41. ANSWER • conglomerate

  42. WARM-UP #13 • Chalk formed from sediments made of skeletons of microscopic living things in the ocean must be a(an)

  43. ANSWER • Organic rock

  44. WARM-UP #14 • The texture of a metamorphic rock that has grains arranged in parallel layers is described as

  45. ANSWER • foliated

  46. VOCABULARY • sediment • erosion • compaction • cementation

  47. VOCABULARY • Sediment • Small solid pieces of material that comes from rocks or organisms • Erosion • The process by which water, wind, ice or gravity moves weathered rocks or soil

  48. VOCABULARY • cementation • The process by which dissolved minerals crystallize and glue particles of sediment together into one mass • compaction • The process by which sediments are pressed together by their own weight

  49. WARM-UP #15 • Erosion on a mountain range that was pushed up as a result of two continental plates colliding will lead to the formation of

  50. ANSWER • Sedimentary rock

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