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Soil Fertility in Muskogee County

Learn about essential plant nutrients including major and secondary nutrients, soil testing, nutrient mobility, crop absorption, nutrient deficiency in wheat, fertilizer recommendations, and more from Rodney King, an Extension Educator in Agriculture.

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Soil Fertility in Muskogee County

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  1. Soil Fertility in Muskogee County Rodney King Extension Educator, Agriculture

  2. Essential Plant Nutrients Major Nutrients Nitrogen Phosphorus Potassium Secondary Nutrients Calcium Sulfur Magnesium Micronutrients Iron, Manganese, Zinc, Copper, Chlorine, Boron, Molybdenum Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen

  3. Soil Tests Secondary Nutrients Sulfate-Sulfur Magnesium (Calcium for peanuts) Routine pH Buffer Index Nitrogen Phosphorus Potassium Micronutrients Iron Zinc Boron Subsoil Nitrate Organic Matter Chlorine Salinity Management Comprehensive Salinity Management

  4. Mobile Nutrients Nitrogen Sulfur Boron Chlorine (Fuel Tank) Immobile Nutrients Phosphorus Potassium Calcium Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Mo (Crankcase) Mobility of Nutrients in Soil

  5. Plant absorption of Nitrogen. Fuel Tank Nutrient Plants absorb N from large volume of soil.

  6. Crop absorption of immobile nutrients (P and K). Immobile nutrients can buildup to adequate levels (crankcase)

  7. Nitrogen Requirement • Crop to be grown • Yield goal • N requirement • N needs = N requirement - Soil NO3-N • Credits for subsurface and manure N

  8. Fertilizer Recommendations • Nitrogen Based on Yield Goals Introduced Forages – 50 lbs N/Ton Corn – 1.2 lbs N/Bushel Wheat – 2 lbs N/Bushel • Phosphorus and Potassium based on % sufficiency – Recommendation is amount needed annually to achieve optimum yields

  9. Nitrogen Deficiency in Wheat Pasture.

  10. Bermudagrass Response to N N Rate 0 50 100 150 200 Expected Yield 1.0 1.8 2.8 3.4 3.9

  11. 3 ton yield goal 142 lbs N/A

  12. Calibration Stamp2002-2004 Ramped N Rich Strip2005

  13. Handheld Unit – • Temporal Variability • In season environmental conditions 6 handheld GreenSeeker™ units located in Extension Offices

  14. Muskogee Co. NO3 lbs/A 2006 294 samples Range 1 - 408

  15. Phosphorus Requirement • Soil test P index (Mehlich 3 method) • Percent sufficiency • P requirement (P2O5 lbs/acre)

  16. Full Mark on Dipstick 65 Very low

  17. Full Mark on Dipstick 250 Low

  18. Percent Sufficiency • Phosphorus Index - 9 64% Sufficient • Potassium Index - 143 84% Sufficient • .64 X .84 = .54 54% Sufficient • Would expect 54% of optimum yield if P and K are not applied.

  19. Bermudagrass/Fertilizer Demo. Mayes Co. Fertilized May 12, Harvested August 5, 1997 Yield lb./a Nitrogen Rate

  20. Muskogee County P index 2006 294 samples Range 2 - 1230

  21. Muskogee County K Index 2006 294 samples Range 56 – 2,301

  22. pH preference • Legumes, Grain Sorghum, Wheat, Corn5.5 – 7.0 • Fescue 4.5 – 7.0 • Bermudagrass 5.7 – 7.0 • Alfalfa 6.5 – 7.5

  23. Muskogee County pH 2006 294 samples Range 4.2 – 7.7

  24. Muskogee County B.I. 2006 294 samples Range 5.9 – 7.2

  25. 22 lbs of S is adequate for 8 + T/A

  26. 750 Ca deficiency is unlikely pH will be a problem before Ca

  27. 100 High yields on soils that are subject to leaching

  28. 2 PPM

  29. .3 -.8 Deficient for corn and pecans

  30. >.5 sufficient for all crops Boron only a concern with peanuts or alfalfa

  31. Other Nutrients • Chlorine • Copper • Molybdenum • Manganese • None are deficient in Oklahoma

  32. Interactive Website for Detemining Fertilizer Value • Oklahoma State University - Soil, Water and Forage Analytical Laboratory

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