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Skin Disorders

OTC Products For . Skin Disorders . Made by alaa belal. Disorders . Hyperkeratosis . Fungal Infections. Canker sores. Viral Infections. Skin Infestations . Secondary bacterial infections . Fungal Infections . Tinea. 5. Types. P edis. C orporis. C apitis. U nguium. V ersicolor.

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Skin Disorders

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  1. OTC Products For Skin Disorders Made by alaabelal

  2. Disorders Hyperkeratosis Fungal Infections Canker sores ViralInfections SkinInfestations Secondary bacterial infections

  3. Fungal Infections

  4. Tinea 5 Types Pedis Corporis Capitis Unguium Versicolor

  5. 1- Tineapedis Athlete’s foot NOT just athletes !! But also: Weak immune system Older than 60 Diabetics

  6. 1- Tineapedis Athlete’s foot Interdigital Moccasin Vesicular Most common type Itching Scaling Maceration & Foul odour Between two smallest toes Burning

  7. 1- Tineapedis Athlete’s foot Interdigital Moccasin Vesicular Itching Scaling Dryness Absence of vesicles Involve the entire sole of the foot and extend onto the sides

  8. 1- Tineapedis Athlete’s foot Interdigital Moccasin Vesicular Least common Fluid-filled blisters Patient can not walk Itching Scaling

  9. Differential diagnosis Tineapedis Eczema Inflammation, endogenous cause Differences: Redness 1) Edema 2)Oozing Blister 3)No foul odour • Similarities:Itching Crusting

  10. 3- Tineacorporis Ringworm 1)Anywhere except face, feet, hands, groin 2)Outer part of the sore can be raised, scally red, may contain vesicles, middle part normal Grows outwards, may overlap Scaling Itching

  11. Differential diagnosis Tineacorporis Discoid eczema • Differences : • 1)Occurs on arms, hands & feet • 2)smaller • 3)Middle part is not normal 4)Rare in patients under 20 years

  12. Differential diagnosis Tineacorporis Psoriasis Immunological problem Differences: Not contagiousRed plaques covered with silvery-white scales Painful and sometimes crack &bleed • Similarities:Itching Scaling

  13. 4- Tineacapitis Ringworm of the scalp Round, baldpatches More common in children Scaling, itching

  14. 5- Tineaunguium Onycholysis, fungal nail infection 1)Turn yellow or white 2)Get thicker

  15. 6- Tineaversicolor Pityriasisversicolor • Yeast pitysporumorbiculare • Common in oily surfacesteenagers • Not contagious Cosmetic concern

  16. Differential diagnosis Vitiligo Tineaversicolor Found on fingers, toes, knees, and around the eyes and mouth Flat Hypo- or hyperpigmentationSlight itching and scallingNot painful Loss of all color (depigmentation) No scaling

  17. Transmission of tinea Prevention 1. Dry off well 2. Do not wear occlusive clothes 3. Wear shower sandals at public showers and swimming pools Water

  18. Transmission of tinea Prevention Do not share clothes, socks, towels, nail clippers Indirect contact

  19. Transmission of tinea Prevention Avoid contact with infected people or animals Direct contact

  20. Transmission of tinea Autoinfection

  21. Treatment

  22. Treatment of all fungal infections Objective • Prevent recurrence • Inhibit the growth of fungus • Relieve itching, burning and other symptoms

  23. Pharmaceutical Treatment Most fungal infections • Most fungal infections topical OTC • cream , solution ,spray , powder • But : • 1) nail 2)scalp oral prescription • Example :itraconazole (sporanox ®) and fluconazole (diflucan ®), terbinafine (lamifen®) Disadvantages of oral antifungal: • 1)most very expensive. (lamifen52 LEsporanox 42LE diflucan 1 tablet for 27LE ) • 2) side effects. contraindicated in patients with liver or heart problems. Topical OTC cream, solution, spray, powder Scalp Except • Oral prescription Nail

  24. Oral prescription • Most fungal infections topical OTC • cream , solution ,spray , powder • But : • 1) nail 2)scalp oral prescription • Example :itraconazole (sporanox ®) and fluconazole (diflucan ®), terbinafine (lamifen®) Disadvantages of oral antifungal: • 1)most very expensive. (lamifen52 LEsporanox 42LE diflucan 1 tablet for 27LE ) • 2) side effects. contraindicated in patients with liver or heart problems. Itraconazole

  25. Oral prescription • Most fungal infections topical OTC • cream , solution ,spray , powder • But : • 1) nail 2)scalp oral prescription • Example :itraconazole (sporanox ®) and fluconazole (diflucan ®), terbinafine (lamifen®) Disadvantages of oral antifungal: • 1)most very expensive. (lamifen52 LEsporanox 42LE diflucan 1 tablet for 27LE ) • 2) side effects. contraindicated in patients with liver or heart problems. Fluconazole

  26. Oral prescription • Most fungal infections topical OTC • cream , solution ,spray , powder • But : • 1) nail 2)scalp oral prescription • Example :itraconazole (sporanox ®) and fluconazole (diflucan ®), terbinafine (lamifen®) Disadvantages of oral antifungal: • 1)most very expensive. (lamifen52 LEsporanox 42LE diflucan 1 tablet for 27LE ) • 2) side effects. contraindicated in patients with liver or heart problems. Disadvantages Side effects Very expensive

  27. Treatment of nail infection(Tineaunguium) Refer to a dermatologist if • Unrespon-siveness treatment More than 2 infected nails peripheral circulatory disorders Under 18 years Deficiency in immune system Nail dystrophy or destruction Pregnancy or breast feeding diabetes mellitus

  28. Treatment of nail infection(Tineaunguium) Oral lamifen Nail polish Ticonazole Surgically

  29. Nail polish Cleaning Cutting Apply Twice daily, for 3 months

  30. Treatment of scalp infection(Tineacapitis) if Refer to a dermatologist Severe alopecia Swollen mass discharging pus Swollen tender lymphocyte of the neck

  31. Treatment of scalp infection(Tineacapitis) Oral prescription Preventing reinfection Shampoo If treated early, the hair will grow back

  32. Treatment of tineaversicolor Skin may not regain its normal pigmentation Commonly comes back after treatment

  33. Treatment of tineaversicolor Selenium sulfide Tinasel® Sulfiselen® Areas affected lathered by selenium sulfide for about 2-5 minsthen washed thoroughly Used dailyfor up to 2 weeks

  34. Tineaversicolor Tineacapitis Tineaunguium

  35. Treatment Azoles Miconazole nitrate 2% Thiocarbamates Allylamines Clioquinol Undecylenic acid Povidoneiodine

  36. Treatment Azoles Ketoconazole 2% Thiocarbamates Allylamines Clioquinol Undecylenic acid Povidoneiodine

  37. Treatment Azoles Available in all dosage forms Thiocarbamates Broad spectrum antifungal Allylamines Apply twice daily 2 weeks for skin infection4 weeks for foot6 weeks for scalpfew months for nail infection Clioquinol Undecylenic acid Miconazole(Daktarin®) safe in pregnancy Povidoneiodine

  38. Treatment Azoles Tolnaftate 1% Thiocarbamates Allylamines Clioquinol Undecylenic acid Povidoneiodine

  39. Treatment Azoles Thiocarbamates Cream and solution only Allylamines Effective against most dermatophytesnot only t.versicolor or candidiasis Clioquinol Undecylenic acid Povidoneiodine

  40. Treatment Azoles Terbinafine 1% Thiocarbamates Allylamines Clioquinol Undecylenic acid Povidoneiodine

  41. Treatment Azoles Thiocarbamates Cream, solution, spray tablets (but not otc) Allylamines Cream 1-2 times:1 week for T.pedis 2 weeks for T.corporisT.versicolor Clioquinol Undecylenic acid Povidoneiodine Not for children <16 or breast feeding mothers

  42. Treatment Azoles Salt of aluminiumclioquinol 3% Thiocarbamates Allylamines Clioquinol Undecylenic acid Povidoneiodine Clioquinol + corticosteroid

  43. Treatment Azoles Thiocarbamates Lotion, cream, ointment • Side effects of clioquinol: • May cause itching, allergic contact dermatitis • Interfere with thyroid function Allylamines Clioquinol Undecylenic acid Povidoneiodine Do not use <2 years

  44. Treatment Azoles Thiocarbamates Undecylenic acid 10% and 25% Allylamines Fungistatic Clioquinol Undecylenicacid Ointment at nighttime Powder at daytime Povidoneiodine

  45. Treatment Azoles Thiocarbamates Povidone iodine 10%solution (Betadaine®) Allylamines Clioquinol Undecylenic acid Povidoneiodine

  46. Candidiasis

  47. Candidiasis Most common type of yeast infection More than 20 species Candida albicans(Monilia) Most common Oral thrush Causes Vaginal candidiasis

  48. Oral candidiasis (Oral thrush) (Moniliasis) Symptoms Thick, white lacy patches on top of a red base Where ?? TonguePalateOr elsewhere inside the mouth

  49. Treatment Topical oral antifungal 1- Miconazole 2- Nystatin

  50. Treatment 1- Miconazole Daktarin® oral gel Miconaz® oral gel

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