Information Technologies: Challenges and Opportunities Wei Zhao

1. Information Technologies: Challenges and Opportunities Wei Zhao Whatever I said here does not represent anybody, including myself!

2. Observations • Problems • Opportunities • Organization change • Program adjustment Outline

3. Observations • Problems • Opportunities • Organization change • Program adjustment Outline

4. All Depend on Information Technologies

5. Information Technologies • Impact many sectors of society • Increase productivity • Stimulate logical-thinking

6. Enrollment down • Tough job market • More and more global competition • Dissatisfaction from business users • Budget constraints and cuts • Less and less major breakthroughs What is wrong? Current Environment

7. Observations • Problems • Opportunities • Organization change • Program adjustment Outline

8. Information Technologies

9. Information Technologies • Product oriented • Invented for precursor systems • Lack of a sound design methodology • Ill-suited for increased user demands

10. Observations • Problems • Opportunities • Organization change • Program adjustment Outline

11. Organization change • Program adjustment Opportunities – New Changes

12. Observations • Problems • Opportunities • Organization change • Program adjustment Outline

13. Federal Inter-Agency Coordination Program: Networking and Information Technology R&D (NITRD) Identify common research needs Plan multi-agency research programs Coordinate on research announcements and funding Promote application of research Review and evaluate research programs

14. U.S. Congress National Science and Technology Council NITRD Authorization and Appropriations Legislation Subcommittee on Networking and Information Technology R&D Participating Agencies: AHRQ, DARPA, DOE/NNSA, DOE/SC, EPA, NASA, NIH, NIST, NOAA, NSA, NSF, OSD National Coordination Office (NCO) for Information Technology Research and Development High Confidence Software and Systems Coordinating Group (HCSS) Human Computer Interaction & Information Management Coordinating Group (HCI & IM) Social, Economic and Workforce Implications of IT and IT Workforce Development Coordinating Group (SEW) Software Design and Productivity Coordinating Group (SDP) High End Computing Interagency Working Group (HEC) Large Scale Networking Coordinating Group (LSN) NITRD Program Coordination

15. Department of Defense • Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD) • Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) • National Security Agency (NSA) • Department of Energy • Office of Science (DOE/SC) • National Nuclear Security Administration (DOE/NNSA) • Department of Health and Human Services • National Institutes of Health (NIH) • Agency for Health Research and Quality (AHRQ) • Department of Commerce • National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) • National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) • National Science Foundation (NSF) • National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) • Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) NITRD Participating Agencies and Departments

16. Division of Computer and Network Systems Division of Information & Intelligent Systems Division of Share Cyber-Infrastructure Division of Computing & Communic. Foundation Administration Offices National Science Board Office of International Science and Engineering Office of Polar Program NSF Organization Environmental Research & Education Program Office of Inspection General AD Clutter Biology AD Freeman Computer and Information Science and Engineering AAD Thompson Education & Human Resources AD Brighton Engineering AD Leinen Geosciences AD Turner Mathematical and Physical Sciences AAD Ward Social, Behavioral and Economic Sciences

17. Administration Offices National Science Board Office of International Science and Engineering Office of Polar Program NSF Organization Environmental Research & Education Program Office of Inspection General Office of Cyber-Infrastructure AD Clutter Biology AD Freeman Computer and Information Science and Engineering AAD Thompson Education & Human Resources AD Brighton Engineering AD Leinen Geosciences AD Turner Mathematical and Physical Sciences AAD Ward Social, Behavioral and Economic Sciences Division of Computer and Network Systems Division of Information & Intelligent Systems Division of Computing & Communic. Foundation

18. CISE Organization Division of Computer and Network Systems Division of Information & Intelligent Systems Division of Computing & Communication. Foundation Foundations of Computi. Processes and Artifacts Computer research Infrastructure Science and Engineering Informatics Software Tools for High-End Computing Broaden Participation in Computing Science and Engineering Integration &Informatics Emerging Models and Technologies Data, Interface and understanding Theoretical Foundations Network Systems Education and Workforce Cyber Trust Science of Design International network Computer Systems Middleware Initiative

19. Remove program duplication Establish an intellectually coherent set of divisions and clusters Decrease proposal overhead for investigators Sharpen focus of CISE programs Increase grant size and duration Integrate education and research Broaden participation in CISE activities Goals of the CISE Reorganization Goals of the Reorganization

20. New divisions and programs Clusters: Larger programs with teams of program directors working together Themes: cross-divisional activities and priority areas Cyber trust Broadening participation Science of design Information integration What’s new in the reorganization? What’s new in the reorganization

21. Observations • Problems • Opportunities • Organization effort • Program effort Outline

22. US NSF is planning an initiativeGENI: Global Environment for Networking Investigations

23. Today’s Internet Not designed for today’s use Poses various limitations Limits of Today’s Internet

24. Commercial Competitiveness Designed without commercial consideration But now, competition and economic incentives must be in place as a key infrastructure Services Designed to provide a best-effort packet delivery service, But now, more and more applications demands high bandwidth and/or guaranteed real-time services Limits of Today’s Internet

25. Security Designed for friendly traffic But now, some traffic are adversarial Access Devices Designed for desk top to desk top connection But now, edge devices are very diversified. with an increasing number of sensors and mobile devices Limits of Today’s Internet

26. Sensor and RFID Networks Software Radios & Programmable Wireless Nets Mobile Ad hoc Networks System on Chip Photonic Integrated Circuits Real-time schedulability guarantees Technology Push

27. ? Internet Tomorrow Internet Today Time to Reinvent the Internet

28. Revolutionary Infrastructure

29. Revolutionary Infrastructure

30. Will entail: New architecture New protocols New instruments and experimental facilities New theory and applications Reinventing the Internet

31. Core Infrastructure A New Internet

32. Access Infrastructure Core Infrastructure A New Internet

33. End=to=end Security Architecture Access Infrastructure Core Infrastructure A New Internet

34. Community Cooperation Required A Workshop on GENI Vision and Planning Aug 22, 2005 Community Cooperation Required

35. Leadership and coordination of government agencies Theoretical investigation into new protocols and models Engineering development for new instruments and experimental facilities Domain experts for new applications Teaching faculty for new and revised education programs Community Cooperation Required

36. Information technology is still in its early • stages of development. • Thus, • a coherent national strategy and • the ability to keep reinventing itself • are absolutely necessary Summary

37. Now that GENI is out of the bottle – –Any Questions?