Muscular System 600 Muscles

1. Muscular System 600 Muscles

2. 3 Types of Muscles • Smooth Muscles- Which include the muscles of internal organs and blood vessels. These muscles move involuntary. • Cardiac Muscle- Found only in the heart and also involuntary. • Skeletal Muscles- Are voluntary and help you move.

3. 3 Types of Muscles

4. Anatomy of a Muscle Cell

5. Naming Skeletal Muscles

6. Direction of Muscle Fibers Relative to the Midline RECTUS = parallel to the midline RectusAbdominus TRANSVERSE = perpendicular to midline TransverseAbdominus OBLIQUE = diagonal to midline External Oblique

7. Location Structure near which muscle is found FRONTALIS = near FRONTAL bone OCCIPITALIS = near OCCIPITAL bone

8. Size Relative Size of Muscle MAXIMUS = largest Gluteus Maximus MEDIUS = middle Gluteus Medius MINIMUS = smallest Gluteus Minimus LONGUS = longest Fibularis Longus BREVIS = short Fibularis Brevis TERTIUS = shortest Fibularis Tertius

9. Origin & Insertion Origin – attachment to an immoveable bone Insertion – attachment to a movable bone ILIOCOSTALIS= attaches to the ilium & ribs (costal = ribs)

11. Characteristics of Muscles • Muscle cells are elongated (muscle cell = muscle fiber) • Contraction of muscles is due to the movement of microfilaments • All muscles share some terminology • Prefix myorefers to muscle • Prefix mys refers to muscle • Prefix sarco refers to flesh

12. Muscle Movement • Involuntary- Automatically move without you knowing. • Voluntary- Brain sends message to muscle. You control the movements.

13. Muscle Movement • isometric contraction muscle contraction without appreciable shortening or change in distance between its origin and insertion.

14. Muscle Movement • isotonic contraction muscle contraction without appreciable change in the force of contraction; the distance between the muscle's origin and insertion becomes lessened.

15. Muscle Movement • Tonic-sustained muscular contraction without intervals of relaxation. (maintaining posture)

17. Head & Neck Muscles

18. Muscles of the Axial Skeleton

19. Posterior Muscles of Shoulder

20. Muscles in the back.

21. Muscles in the lower arm.

22. Muscles in the lower arm.

23. Muscles in the lower leg.

24. Muscles in the upper leg.

25. Muscles in the upper leg.

26. Muscles of the Wrist & Hand

27. Muscles Of Hip:Anterior Muscles and Anterior Thigh

28. Muscles of Anterior Thigh and Posterior Thigh

29. Muscles of the Lower Leg

30. Types Of Muscles Smooth Muscle- Digestive organs, Makes up 7-8% of your muscles. Involuntary

31. Types of Muscles cont. Cardiac Muscles- Only found in the heart. Involuntary. Makes up 3% of your muscles. By age 70 heart contracts 2.5 billion times (assume resting heart beat).

32. Types of Muscles cont. Skeletal Muscles- Make up 90% of your muscles. Voluntary- These are the muscles that you can move.

33. Types of Injuries • Strain- Muscle “pull” or “strain” • Tearing a muscle fiber(s), followed by bleeding or swelling of muscle • Muscle Cramp- Prolonged contraction of muscle, ion imbalance

34. Muscle Terms • Flexion- Movement that reduces a joint angle • Extension- A movement that increases a joint angle

35. Flexing of the hamstring. Body Movements

36. Extension of the quadriceps. Body Movements cont.

37. Your muscles work in teams to move your body. An example of this is your Bicep and Tricep. Muscle Pairs