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Lecture Outline

Site Water Energy IEQ Material and Resources. Lecture Outline. Energy- A Blueprint for Design. 1. Minimize Energy Requirements. 2. Use Renewable Energy. 3. Use Efficient Fossil-Fuel Based Technologies. Minimize Energy Requirements. No need to add/remove heat that you don’t remove/add!.

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Lecture Outline

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  1. Site • Water • Energy • IEQ • Material and Resources Lecture Outline

  2. Energy- A Blueprint for Design 1. Minimize Energy Requirements 2. Use Renewable Energy 3. Use Efficient Fossil-Fuel Based Technologies

  3. Minimize Energy Requirements No need to add/remove heat that you don’t remove/add! Maximize Insulation Integrate Passive Solar Design Minimize Infiltration

  4. Use Renewable Energy • PV is the most practical means of generating renewable electricity in an urban environment. Further, BIPV can be directly substituted for other cladding materials, at a lower material cost than the stone and metal it replaces. • A wide variety of BIPV systems are available in today's markets. Most of them can be grouped into two main categories: facade systems and roofing systems. Facade systems include curtain wall products, spandrel panels, and glazings. Roofing systems include tiles, shingles, standing seam products, and skylights. • And of course, traditional PV • Purchase green power, though this is a last resort and you pay a premium

  5. Use Efficient Fossil-Fuel Based Technologies • Efficient conditioning strategies • Displacement ventilation (DV) • Under-floor air distribution systems (UFAD) • Natural ventilation • Night-time setback • Efficient mechanical systems for heating and cooling • Efficient chillers, boilers, pumps, fans, controls • Efficient lighting fixtures and control systems • T8 and T5 fixtures • LED exit signs • CFLs • Occupancy sensors • Dimmable ballasts • Efficient non-mechanical equipment • EnergyStar office equipment • Energy management systems • Optimize equipment control strategies • Continuous equipment monitoring • Building Commissioning • New construction, retro-commissioning, continuous commissioning

  6. Health Goals for Indoor Environmental Quality? • Comfort Productivity • Illumination

  7. Indoor Environmental Quality • Americans, on average, spend: _______ % of time indoors

  8. Indoor Environmental Quality • Americans, on average, spend: 90% of time indoors

  9. Health

  10. Pollutant Sources

  11. Low VOC Materials • Adhesives and Sealants • Paints and Coatings • Carpet (CRI Green Label Program) • Formaldehyde-Free Composite Wood Products • MDF (Medex and Medite II by Sierra Pine) • Casework • Cornice Boards • Tackboards • Projection Screen Housings • Plywood • Fire-treated wood • Wood Doors (tested low VOC)

  12. VOCs Volatile Organic Compounds • Eye Irritation • Upper Respiratory Irritation • Headache • Nausea, dizziness • Tired and General Lethargy • Odor Complaints

  13. Mold and Mildew

  14. Sick Building Syndrome • Occupants dissatisfied with their indoor air quality • Most common causes • insufficient outside air • Biological contaminants within HVAC system • Exhaust air / contaminated air re-entering the building

  15. Comfort

  16. Heat Transfer

  17. ASHRAE Standard 55 Operative Temperature = average of ambient temperature and mean radiant temperature

  18. Occupant Controls http://www.epa.gov/iaq/largebldgs/i-beam_html/qref.htm

  19. Operable Windows

  20. Over-crowded Offices http://www.epa.gov/iaq/largebldgs/i-beam_html/qref.htm

  21. Displacement Ventilation Graphic courtesy Xetex, Inc.

  22. Illumination

  23. Illuminance vs. Luminance

  24. Xilinx, Longmont, Colorado Architect: DTJ Design

  25. Efficient Lighting IDEAS

  26. Boulder Community Hospital Architect: Unknown

  27. Daylighting & Views Architects: OZ Architects, Boulder Associates

  28. Productivity

  29. Motivation Daylit classrooms have been shown to significantly improve student performance. Daylighting in Schools -- Heschong Mahone Group,

  30. Daylighting Study • 20% faster on math tests than those students with the least daylight • 26% faster on reading tests than those students with the least daylight • Daylighting in Schools – • Heschong Mahone Group, 1991

  31. Retail Study • A skylit store had, on average, sales revenue 40% higher than a store without skylights • If a non-skylit store averaged $2/sf in revenue, a skylit store would average between $2.61 to $2.98/sf in revenue • Daylighting and Retail Sales – • Heschong Mahone Group, 1999

  32. Lockheed 15% rise in production 15% drop in absenteeism West Bend Mutual Ins. 16% increase in claims processes ING Bank 15% drop in absenteeism Verifone 5% increase in productivity 40% drop in absenteeism Productivity Improvements www.rmi.org - “Greening the Building and the Bottom Line” www.betterbricks.com

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