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THE 1970S Chapter 24. UNIT 7 SEMESTER 2. RICHARD NIXON 1969-1974. LAW AND ORDER POLITICS. Nixon appealed to a “Silent Majority” of Americans to support his policy of taking action against war protesters, students and anti-establishment groups that committed criminal acts. THE ENERGY CRISIS.
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THE 1970S Chapter 24 UNIT 7 SEMESTER 2
LAW AND ORDER POLITICS • Nixon appealed to a “Silent Majority” of Americans to support his policy of taking action against war protesters, students and anti-establishment groups that committed criminal acts
THE ENERGY CRISIS • OPEC • In response to Israel’s victory in the 1973 Yom Kippur War, the Oil Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) quadrupled the price of oil in 1974
STAGFLATION • An increase in unemployment and inflation at the same time
CAUSES OF THE ENERGY CRISIS • OPEC QUADRUPLES THE PRICE OF OIL • U.S. DEPENDENCE ON FOREIGN OIL • LACK OF ALTERNATIVE FUEL SOURCES
EFFECTS OF THE ENERGY CRISIS • INCREASED FUEL PRICES • FUEL CONSERVATION • INFLATION • FACTORIES AND BUSINESSES CLOSE
NIXON VISITS MOSCOW • SALT I TREATY • First treaty to limit the production of nuclear weapons
WATERGATE/”ENEMIES LIST” • In response to Vietnam War protesters, radical Civil Rights groups, and influential people that supported them, President Nixon created a domestic covert operations team that attempted to subvert, discredit and damage the reputation, private lives, and in some cases; the careers and financial security of his so-called “enemies”
NIXON’S “ENEMIES” • VIETNAM WAR PROTESTERS • The Weathermen • Hippies • RADICAL CIVIL RIGHTS GROUPS • Black Panthers • LIBERAL JOURNALISTS • LIBERAL ACTIVISTS • 1972 DEMOCRATIC CANDIDATES SUPPORTED BY “ENEMIES”
“SMOKING GUN” TAPES • After President Nixon refused to hand over the White House tapes, Congress sued the President on behalf of the American people. In U.S. v. Nixon (1974), the U.S. Supreme Court ruled 8-0 in favor of Congress. Through the process of Judicial Review, Nixon was ordered by the court to hand over the tapes.
PARDON OF NIXON President Ford told the American people that it was time to heal and move on from Watergate Ford’s approval rating fell 20%; he never politically recovered
NATIONAL ENERGY ACT Placed tax on gas-guzzling cars Tax breaks for the development of alternative fuels Free market for oil and natural gas produced in the U.S.
HUMAN RIGHTS FOREIGN POLICY President Carter discontinued economic, military and intelligence aid to several repressive governments that had been key allies during the Cold War