EQ : How does water pollution impact irrigation, trade, industry and drinking water?

1. EQ: How does water pollution impact irrigation, trade, industry and drinking water? Today I will learn about environmental issues such as water pollution and unequal water distribution in Africa because it impacts irrigation, trade, industry and drinking water.

2. Standards The student will discuss environmental issues across the continent of Africa. • Element: SS7G2.a Explain how water pollution and the unequal distribution of water impacts irrigation, trade, industry, and drinking water. • Element: SS7G2.b Explain the relationship between poor soil and deforestation in Sub-Saharan Africa. • Element: SS7G2.c Explain the impact of desertification on the environment of Africa from the Sahel to the rainforest.

3. Warm-up 12/14/10 What is one of the major problems facing those who depend on the Nile River for their water? The Nile River no longer has any fish. The Nile is too shallow to be used for transportation. The river always dries up during the summer months. The water is contaminated with human and industrial waste. What is silt? A type of chemical fertilizer A chemical used to produce electricity Industrial pollution found in the Nile Rich topsoil carried from one location to another by floodwaters

4. Activator At your table, equally distribute the clean and polluted water by pouring a small amount on each person’s plate. Once done, answer and discuss the following questions: 1. Was it easier to distribute the clean water and why? 2. How did you feel when you added the polluted water to your clean supply?

5. Work Session First, create a KWL graphic organizer on your notebook paper. Fill in what you already know on water pollution and the unequal distribution of water and how it connects to irrigation, trade, industry, and drinking water. Then, complete what you would like to learn about the connection between these concepts and how they relate to Africa. Once we have completed our Cornell notes over these concepts, fill in what you learned.

6. CORNELL NOTES Notes from Power Point Main Topic EQ answer-Closing

7. Environmental Issues • Africans face the following environmental issues: • Lack of water • Poor soil quality • Expanding deserts • These issues are caused by: • Increasing pollution from factories • Animal and human waste • Poor harvests

8. Scarcity of clean water • Most countries do not have enough clean water even though they have large rivers. • The Nile River runs through Egypt and most of the population lives along it. • It is used for transportation and water. • Overpopulation and poor sanitation is quickly polluting the Nile causing clean water to be scarce.

9. Aswan High Dam • This structure is found in Egypt. • Allows Egypt to have year-round irrigation. • It also helps generate electricity. • Silt no longer enriches the soil because annual flooding is controlled by the dam. • Irrigation is now used and requires that farmers use chemical fertilizers.

10. Rivers • The Niger River provides a transportation route for people living in the Sahel. • The Congo River is a great source of irrigation and a transportation route for people from the interior of Africa to the Indian Ocean. • The Nile River runs through Ethiopia, Sudan, and Egypt. • Many countries have to share one water source causing competition among countries.

11. Closing – Exit Ticket Based on the notes taken today over water pollution and the unequal distribution of water, answer the following question: • The lack of clean abundant water in many countries south of the Sahara in Africa has what economic effect? Explain your reasoning.