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Review 3

Review 3. RENAISSANCE ISLAMIC MODERN AND POST-MODERN BYZANTINE. Renaissance Mannerism. Parmigianino Madonna with the Long Neck ca. 1535 oil on wood 7 ft. 1 in. x 4 ft. 4 in. Historical styles are cited by Charles Moore in his Piazza d ’ Italia (FIG. 34-48):

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Review 3

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  1. Review 3 RENAISSANCE ISLAMIC MODERN AND POST-MODERN BYZANTINE

  2. Renaissance Mannerism Parmigianino Madonna with the Long Neck ca. 1535oil on wood7 ft. 1 in. x 4 ft. 4 in.

  3. Historical styles are cited by Charles Moore in his Piazza d’Italia(FIG. 34-48): Italian architecture, all the way back through to the time of Roman culture: the Greek agora or the Roman forum, the Renaissance, Mannerism, and Baroque. eclecticism CHARLES MOORE, Piazza d'Italia, New Orleans, Louisiana, 1976-1980.

  4. Frank Stella (born May 12, 1936) is an American painter and printmaker. He is a significant figure in minimalism and post-painterly abstraction. He was born in Malden, Massachusetts Post painterly abstraction FRANK STELLA, NuncaPasa Nada, 1964. Metallic powder in polymer emulsion on canvas, 9' 2" x 18' 4 1/2". Collection Lannan Foundation. Frank Stella - 1972

  5. High Renaissance Compositional devices Leonardo used in The Virgin of the Rocks to knit the figures together; Pyramidal grouping of the figures. Light simultaneously reveals and veils the forms, immersing them in a layer of atmosphere that exists between them and the viewer’s eye. Four artists who were most closely associated with the High Renaissance: Leonardo da Vinci Raphael Michelangelo Titian Leonardo da Vinci Virgin of the Rocks ca. 1485oil on wood6 ft. 3 in. x 3 ft. 7 in.

  6. Modernist formalism Willem de Kooning Woman I (detail) 1950-52oil on canvas6 ft. 3 7/8 in x 58 in.

  7. High Renaissance Raphael Marriage of the Virgin Chapel of Saint Joseph in CittàdiCastellonear Florence, Italy 1504oil on wood5 ft. 7 in. x 3 ft. 10 1/2 in.

  8. High Renaissance Three figures that Michelangelo is believed to have created for the tomb of Julius II. Moses Bound Slave “Unfinished Captive” Michelangelo Buonarroti Moses San Pietro in Vincoli, Rome, Italy ca. 1513-1515marbleapproximately 8 ft. 4 in. high

  9. High Renaissance Four aspects of the sculptural appearance of Bramante's Tempietto. Lower level directly inspired by Roman round temples. Resembles a sculptured reliquary. The dome, drum, and base bear a logical and harmonious relationship to each other and to the whole. Rhythmical play of light and shadow in the columns and balustrade. Donatod’Angelo Bramante Tempietto San Pietro in Montorio, Rome, Italy 1502

  10. Deconstructivistm Six adjectives that describe Deconstructivist architecture: Disorder Dissonance Imbalance Asymmetry Unconformity Irregularity GÜNTER BEHNISCH, Hysolar Institute Building, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany, 1987.

  11. Post modernism Art as a political weapon The issue that was of primary concern to Cindy Sherman was the way much of Western art has been constructed to present female beauty for the enjoyment of the “male gaze,” and in women’s images and identities. Cindy Sherman produced a series of film stills in which she transformed herself CINDY SHERMAN, Untitled Film Still #35, 1979. Black-and-white photograph, 10" x 8".

  12. High Renaissance Michelangelo Buonarroti Capitoline Hill Rome, Italy designed ca. 1537

  13. TajMahal Agra, India 1632-1647 Later islamic

  14. Holy roman empire Matthias Grünewald Isenheim Altarpiece (fully open) ca. 1510-15oil on panelcenter panel, 9 ft. 9 1/2 in. x 10 ft. 9 in.

  15. Post modernism Art as a political weapon Three artists who used their art to explore issues involved with being African American women: Faith Ringgold Adrian Piper Lorna Simpson Faith RinggoldWho's Afraid of Aunt Jemima?1983Acrylic on canvas with fabric borders, quilted7 ft. 6 ins. x 6 ft. 8 ins.

  16. High Renaissance The most outstanding feature of Titian’s Assumption of the Virgin is his ability to convey light through dazzling color. Titian Assumption of the Virgin Santa Maria Gloriosa del Frari, Venice, Italy ca. 1516-1518oil on wood22 ft. 6 in. x 11 ft. 10 in.

  17. Northern Renaissance Matthias Grünewald Isenheim Altarpiece (open) ca. 1510-15oil on panelcenter panel, 9 ft. 9 1/2 in. x 10 ft. 9 in.

  18. Later islamic Dome of the Shah Mosque Isfahan, Iran 1611-1638

  19. 16th century northern Europe Hans Holbein the Younger The French Ambassadors 1533oil and tempera on panel6 ft. 8 in. x 6 ft. 9 1/2 in.

  20. Computer-Generated landscapes:In Nora, David Em uses computer imaging to create futuristic geometric versions of Surrealistic dreamscapes with a vivid illusion of space. Post modernism DAVID EM, Nora, 1979. Computer-generated color photograph, 1' 5" x 1' 11". Private collection.

  21. Byzantine Theodora was an actress born in a low family, and before she and Justinian could be married, the laws had to be rewritten allowing senators to marry actresses (often prostitutes). She was known to be quite intelligent and became Justinian’s adviser, acquiring vast power and prestige throughout the empire. Although neither of them ever visited Ravenna, the mosaics in San Vitale show them lining up with their retinues to take part in the Eucharist at that church, Justinian carrying the bread and Theodora the wine. Theodora and attendants southwall apse mosaic, San Vitale Ravenna, Italy ca. 547mosaic

  22. Post war expressionism Two characteristics of the art of Jean Dubuffet: His scenes are painted or incised into thickly encrusted, parched-looking surfaces of impasto. Scribblings are interspersed with the images, heightening the impression of smeared and gashed surfaces of crumbling walls and worn pavements marked by random individuals. Jean Dubuffet Dhotel Hairy with Yellow Teeth (haute pâte) 1947 mixed media on canvas45 3/4 x 35 in.

  23. High Renaissance “poesia” Painting meant to operate in a manner similar to poetry. GiorgionnedaCastelfranco Pastoral Symphony ca. 1508oil on canvas3 ft. 7 in. x 4 ft. 6 in.

  24. Abstract expressionism Jackson Pollock Autumn Rhythm 1952oil on canvas

  25. High Renaissance Titian's paintingVenus of Orbinoestablished the compositional essentials for the representation of the female nude in much of later Western art. Titian Venus of Urbino 1538oil on canvas4 ft. x 5 ft. 6 in.

  26. Post-painterly abstraction Frankenthaler's soak-stain technique. She poured diluted paint onto unprimed canvas, allowing the pigments to soak into the fabric, resulting in absolute flatness. Effect she wanted to achieve: The images appear spontaneous and almost accidental. Morris Louis was another artist who utilized it HELEN FRANKENTHALER, Bay Side, 1967. Acrylic on canvas, 6' 2" x 6' 9". Private Collection, New York.

  27. Holy roman empire 16th century northern Europe Albrecht Dürer Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse ca. 1498woodcut15 1/4 x 11 in.

  28. Post modernism Iktinos and Kallikrates Parthenon, Temple of Athena Parthenos Acropolis, Athens, Greece 447-438 B.C.E. Leon Battista Alberti façade of Sant’Andrea Mantua, Italy designed ca. 1470 Philip Johnson and John Burgee, 1978-1984, AT&T Building 560 Madison Avenue (at 56th Street) New York NY

  29. Post modernism The artist who created designs for gigantic monuments depicting ordinary objects: Claes Oldenburg. Claes Oldenburg Clothes Pin Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 1976 Cor-ten steel 45 ft. x 12 ft. 3 in. x 4 ft. 6 in.

  30. The type of art are Christo and his wife Jeane-Claude were most famous for their temporary alter of landscape, by enclosing it, and buildings, in huge lengths of cloth. Their works are only on view for a few weeks. Environmental art CHRISTO and JEANNE-CLAUDE, Surrounded Islands, Biscayne Bay, Greater Miami, Florida, 1980-1983. Pink woven polypropylene fabric, 6 1/2 million sq. ft.

  31. Islamic Muhammad is believed to have ascended to heaven from the Dome of the Rock The first great achievement of Islamic architecture was The Dome of the Rock Dome of the Rock Jerusalem 687-692

  32. A series of triangles, each containing a large projecting rosette, framed by elaborately carved moldings. Each triangle is different, and animal figures appear in some of them, but not to the right of the entrance—the part of the façade corresponding to the mosque’s qibla wall. Islamic Frieze of the Umayyad Palace Mshatta, Jordan ca. 740 – 750, limestone16 ft. 7 in. high

  33. High Renaissance Michelangelo Buonarroti Tomb of Giulianode’Medici Medici Chapel, San Lorenzo, Florence, Italy 1519-1534marblecentral figure approximately 5 ft. 11 in. high

  34. Islamic The distinguishingfeature of the minaret from Samarra is Its steeped spiral ramp. Its name, Malwiya, means “snail shell” in Arabic) The 165 foot tall Malwiya minaret is in Samarra, Iraq Malwiya minaret of the Great Mosque Samarra, Iraq ca. 848-852

  35. Trading with the white man:Jaune Quick-to-See Smith's Trade (Gifts for Trading Land with White People) is a large-scale painting with collage elements and attached objects that explores the politics of identity. Quick-to-See Smith uses cultural heritage and historical references to comment on the present and to challenge stereotypes and unacknowledged assumptions. Post modernism Political art JAUNE QUICK-TO-SEE SMITH, Trade (Gifts for Trading Land with White People), 1992. Oil and mixed media on canvas, 5' x 14' 2". Chrysler Museum of Art, Norfolk, Virginia (museum purchase 93.2).

  36. Islamic Horseshoe arches were an important architectural feature of Mosque at Córdoba Prayer hall of the Great Mosque Córdoba, Spain 8th to 10th centuries

  37. Superrealist Two Superrealist painters: Audrey Flack Chuck Close "Some people wonder whether what I do is inspired by a computer and whether or not that kind of imaging is a part of what makes this work contemporary. I absolutely hate technology, and I'm computer illiterate, and I never use any labor-saving devices although I'm not convinced that a computer is a labor-saving device." CHUCK CLOSE, Big Self-Portrait, 1967-1968. Acrylic on canvas, 8' 11" x 6' 11" x 2". Collection Walker Art Center, Minneapolis (Art Center Acquisition Fund, 1969).

  38. Islamic Eastern façade of Great Mosque Djenne, Mali begun 13th century, rebuilt 1906-07

  39. Byzantine Feature that makes this image Christian and not pagan are the uppermost panel showing two angels holding a youthful image of Christ carrying a cross. Justinian as world conqueror (Barberini Ivory) mid-6th centuryivory 1 ft. 1 1/2 in. x 10 1/2 in.

  40. Byzantine San Vitale Ravenna, Italy 526-547

  41. Byzantine Justinian and Theodora’s reign marked the end of the Late Roman Empire and the beginning of the Byzantine Empire. He drove the Ostrogoths out of Italy, the Vandals from the African provinces, the Bulgars out of the northern frontier, and held the Sasanians on the eastern border, thus briefly restoring the Roman Empire’s range. Overlapping of Justinian and Maximianus: Each figure seems to be partly in front of and behind the other, representing the balance of imperial and church powers. Justinian's halo signifies his association with Christ, who is also haloed and who also wears purple robes. The dual political and religious role of the Byzantine emperors is emphasized. • A halo , purple cloak , crown , and large golden bowl distinguishes Justinian from other figures in Byzantine mosaics. Justinian, Bishop Maximianus and attendants northwall apse mosaic, San Vitale Ravenna, Italy ca. 547mosaic

  42. 16th century northern Europe Netherlands Pieter Breughel “the Elder” The Triumph of Death ca. 1562oil on board46 x 63 3/4 in.

  43. Byzantine Symbolism from the apse mosaic of Sant' Apollinare in Classe: Jeweled cross • Symbol of the transfigured Christ, possibly representing the cross Constantine erected on Calvary. Three sheep below the cross • The three disciples who accompanied Christ to the foot of the Mount of the Transfiguration. Twelve sheep • Possibly the congregation under the protection of Saint Apollinaris. Saint Apollinaris amid sheepSant’Apollinare in Classe Ravenna, Italy 533-549mosaic

  44. Holy roman empire Francis i Château de Chambord Chambord, France begun 1519

  45. 16th century northern Europe Netherlands Pieter Aertsen Meat Still-Life 1551oil on panel4 ft. 3/8 in. x 6 ft. 5 3/4 in.

  46. 16th century northern Europe Netherlands Pieter Breugel the Elder Hunters in the Snow 1565oil on panel3 ft. 10 in. x 5 ft. 4 in.

  47. Pop art Example of Jasper Johns' “things seen but not looked at”: The American flag. Jasper Johns Flag 1954-55 encaustic, oil and collage on fabric mounted on plywood3 ft. 6 1/4 in. x 5 ft. 5/8 in.

  48. Spanish mannerist El Greco (DomenikosTheotokopoulous) The Burial of Count Orgaz 1586oil on canvas16 x 12 ft.

  49. Characterize Michelangelo's style in painting and sculpture with four adjectives or phrases. Figures are sharply outlined against the neutral architectural setting, rather than forming atmospheric “picture windows”. Reclining and twisting positions of the figures. Heavy musculature. Straight architectural axes (such as in Leonardo’s compositions) are replaced by diagonals and curves. High Renaissance Michelangelo Buonarroti Creation of Adam, Sistine Chapel Ceiling Vatican City, Rome, Italy 1511-12frescoapproximately 18 ft. 8 in. x 9 ft. 2 in.

  50. High Renaissance Raphael Philosophy (School of Athens) Stanza dellaSegnatura, Vatican Palace, Rome, Italy 1509-11frescoapproximately 19 x 27 ft.

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