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Introduction to Catholicism Fr. Llane Briese. CHRISTIAN ESCHATOLOGY. What is Eschatology?. Greek eschatos : “Last, final” Eschatology is the theological discipline which asks the question: “Where are we going?” Concerned with four principal themes: Death Judgment Heaven Hell.
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Introduction to Catholicism Fr. Llane Briese CHRISTIAN ESCHATOLOGY
What is Eschatology? • Greek eschatos: “Last, final” • Eschatology is the theological discipline which asks the question: “Where are we going?” • Concerned with four principal themes: • Death • Judgment • Heaven • Hell
Biblical Background • Old Testament: • Overview • Daniel 12:1-4 (most important OT passage) • New Testament: • Mark 12:18-27 (Question from the Sadducees) • Luke 16:19-31 (The Rich Man and Lazarus) • John 11:21-27 (“I Am the Resurrection…”) • 1 Thessalonians 4:13-18 (Christian Hope) • 1 Corinthians 15:1-28 (Paul on the Resurrection)
Death • Death is the separation of the soul from the body. • Key Belief: Christ suffered a human death. (Cf. 1Thess 4:14 et alia) • “[T]he wages of sin is death.” (Rom 6:23) • Three Significances: • End of earthly life • Consequence of sin • Transformed by Christ: “[L]ife is changed but not ended.” (cf. Roman Missal, Preface of the Dead I)
Judgment • Immediately after death, all individuals receive their particular judgment at which each enters: • Heaven immediately and eternally • Heaven after a period of purification (i.e. Purgatory) • Hell immediately and eternally
Heaven, Hell, and Purgatory • Heaven describes perfect communion with the Most Blessed Trinity with all the saints, the ultimate fulfillment of all for which the human heart longs. • In Heaven, the human will is perfectly conformed to God. • Purgatory is the name the Church gives to a state of final purification which enables a person who dies in God’s grace to achieve the holiness necessary for Heaven. • Hell is the “state of definitive self-exclusion from communion with God and the blessed.”
The End • Sidebar: The Limitations of Language • The Resurrection of the Body • The Second Coming • General Judgment: All will be revealed.
Catholic Piety • The Order of Christian Funerals • The Vigil Service (Wake) • Symbols: Pall, Cross, Paschal Candle, incense, holy water • Blessing of the Gravesite and Final Committal • “Dies Irae” (traditional liturgical sequence for Masses for the Dead) • Indulgences • All Souls’ Day • The “Hail Mary”: “Holy Mary, Mother of God, pray for us sinners now and at the hour of our death.”