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Minerals

Minerals. 4 requirements to be considered a mineral:. Naturally Occurring (not manmade). 4 requirements to be considered a mineral:. Inorganic – not from living things Arsenic minerals. 4 requirements to be considered a mineral:. Unique chemical composition (chemical formula)

farrah-sweeney
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Minerals

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  1. Minerals

  2. 4 requirements to be considered a mineral: NaturallyOccurring (not manmade)

  3. 4 requirements to be considered a mineral: Inorganic – not from living things Arsenic minerals

  4. 4 requirements to be considered a mineral: Unique chemicalcomposition (chemical formula) Calcite

  5. 4 requirements to be considered a mineral: Definite structuralpattern (crystalline) Quartz

  6. Earth’s Composition • Elements found on Earth: 117 but only 8 are common • Elements found in minerals:about 12

  7. Relationship to Rocks • Are minerals rocks? Yes • Are all rocks minerals? Notalways • Why? Not all rocks fit the criteria of a mineral

  8. Mineral Formation • Precipitation: minerals settle out of solution • Crystallization: structures organization of atoms • Crystal size: depends on amount of time to grow

  9. Physical Properties: • Color – this is the LEAST RELIABLE • One mineral can come in manycolors • Many minerals can be the samecolor Quartz

  10. Physical Properties: • Streak – the color of the mineral in powdered form • May be different than its color • More reliable Pyrite

  11. Physical Properties: • Luster – how it shines or reflects light • Metallic (shiny) vs. nonmetallic (dull, glossy) Metallic Luster Nonmetallic Luster

  12. Physical Properties: • Hardness – resistance to being scratched • Moh’s hardness scale • Ranges from 1 (soft) to 10 (hard)

  13. Hardness Each number is a different mineral Ex: 1= Talc, 10=Diamond, 7= Quartz

  14. Hardness • The hardness of tools used to identify minerals can also be on the scale • Ex: Fingernail = 2.5 Penny = 3.5 Glass = 5.5 Steel nail = 6.5

  15. Physical Properties: • Cleavage – tendency of a mineral to split along planes of weakness • Up to 3 planes

  16. Physical Properties: Fracture – uneven breaks (no cleavage)

  17. Other Possibly Useful Properties: Magnetic

  18. Other Possibly Useful Properties: • Taste (not recommended) • Ex: Halite

  19. Other Possibly Useful Properties: • Acid test – some minerals bubble in hydrochloric acid • Ex: Calcite

  20. Other Possibly Useful Properties: • DoubleRefraction – can see two images through the mineral • Ex: Calcite

  21. Other Possibly Useful Properties: • Fluorescence: glow under UV light

  22. ***IMPORTANT: The physical properties of a mineral are due to the internal arrangement of its atoms!***

  23. http://sciencereviewgames.com/srg/games/gong.php?id=33 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cjA2-MrWAVU

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