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Introduction to Religious geography. How can we classify religions?. How many gods? . Monotheism: One god (Christianity, Judaism, Islam) Polytheism: Multiple gods (Hinduism, Paganism). How organized?. Hierarchical religion: Well-defined geographic structure Administrative units
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How many gods? • Monotheism: One god (Christianity, Judaism, Islam) • Polytheism: Multiple gods (Hinduism, Paganism)
How organized? • Hierarchical religion: • Well-defined geographic structure • Administrative units • Well organized • Ex- Catholics, Methodists, Episcopalian, Anglicans • Autonomous religion: • Self-sufficient • Loose cooperation and shared ideas • Ex- Islam, Baptists
Universalizing v. Ethnic v. Tribal • Universalizing religions • Attempts to be global • Appeal to all people, regardless of ethnicity • Goal is proselytizing (making converts) • Examples? • Diffusion?
Universalizing v. Ethnic v. Tribal • Ethnic Religions • Appeals to a group of people living in one place • Conversion (usually) possible • Must adopt cultural practices • Examples? • Diffusion?
Universalizing v. Ethnic v. Tribal • Tribal Religions • Appeal to small, specific group of people • Contains Animism and/or shamanism (usually both)
Universalizing v. Ethnic v. Tribal • Animism – belief that natural objects contain spirits or gods; may include ancestor worship • Shamanism – belief that world of spirits or gods that can only be communicated with by a shaman or priest • Examples: Native American Religions, African Religions
How do they differ? • Beliefs • Symbols • Worship Spaces • Burial