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A Revolution in Russia

1917. A Revolution in Russia. Russia 1914-1917. Characteristics: Backward Limited Industrialization Strikes common in cities (3500 in 1914 alone!) Completely ill prepared for WWI Agricultural productivity plummeted during the war to compensate for industrial needs…starvation.

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A Revolution in Russia

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  1. 1917 A Revolution in Russia

  2. Russia 1914-1917 • Characteristics: • Backward • Limited Industrialization • Strikes common in cities (3500 in 1914 alone!) • Completely ill prepared for WWI • Agricultural productivity plummeted during the war to compensate for industrial needs…starvation. • Alexandra and Rasputin

  3. World War I • Russian troops fleeing battle with the Germans at Galalica

  4. Russia and WWI • Joined to promote Nationalism and inspire industrialization. • Sponsored chaos, disunity, non-conformity and slaughter. • Russia outnumbered every army they faced and lost due to leadership and pitiful supplies.

  5. Rasputin • Tsarina’s advisor…a man famed for intrigue and poor judgment.

  6. Role of Women • See “The Women Who Started The Russian Revolution” • Similar to France

  7. A Tale of Two Revolutions • March 1917, the Romanov Double Headed Eagle was desecrated. • Red Flag of the revolution hung in its place. • Replacing the Romanov autocracy

  8. Two Part Government Provisional Government Soviets Local councils elected by workers and soldiers. Most powerful-Petrograd Soviet. • Appointed by Duma • Led by Georgi Lvov and Alexander Kerenski

  9. Role of Peasants? • They had none. • What they did have was starvation, poverty, and devastating conditions. • Those peasants who joined the war for food deserted in droves when it became clear they wouldn’t get much there.

  10. Russian War Effort Summer 1917 • Women’s group enlisted to show the failing men how to fight… • This plan didn’t go well. 85% casualty rate.

  11. The Great Ferment • February to July 1917 • Exiled leaders re-emerged • Lenin—a German operative?

  12. Bolsheviks • “Majority” even though they were the minority…um, yeah. • Mensheviks-”minority”, even though they were the majority…ok. • Bolsheviks more radical.

  13. The Revolutions Catalyst • Opposition to the War • Lenin’s April Theses • Promised “Peace, Land, and Bread” • Advocated radical seizures of land

  14. The July Days • Massive Demonstrations • Brutal government responses • Bolshevism growing

  15. Collapse of Provisional Government • July Days • Growing gap between the wants of Kerenski’s government and the power of the Soviets. • A second revolution coming.

  16. The October (actually November) Revolution • Led by Lenin • Bolsheviks…now the majority. • Lenin disguised after July Days. • A better disguise than Louis XVI

  17. Success? • Revolution achieved with almost no bloodshed…that was to come in the Civil War between the Red and Whites. This claimed approximately 1,000,000 lives. • The Romanov family was executed by the Bolsheviks.

  18. Treaty of Brest-Litovsk • Substantial territory loss. • A bitter humiliation. • Gone were the Ukraine, Georgia, Finland, and Belarus.

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