APA Citation

1. APA Citation Sources must be cited in two places in a research paper: in your text on a separate reference page

2. What should you cite to avoid plagiarism? • Direct quotes • Summaries • Paraphrases • Videos • Movies • Music • Art (clip art, photos) • News articles • Graphs • Charts • Cartoons

3. As you research for your project… Always write down your sources for: • Books • Pictures • Photos • Articles • Web pages • Recipes • Videos • Songs • Movies • Graphs • Surveys • charts What should you write down? • Title of book • Title of article • Author’s name(s) • Date published/written • Type of sources – i.e. movie, video, website, map, photo • Published • url • Date url last updated • City of publication • Page numbers

4. In Text Citation • What are you citing • Paraphrases • Summaries • Direct quotes • Photos, artwork, cartoons, movies • Not citing = plagiarism

5. The information you need for in-text citation • Author’s name(s) • Date of publication • Page #(s) for direct quote • Website name if no author

6. Where do in-text citations go? • Type in brackets directly following quote, summary or paraphrase. • End of sentence punctuation follows the last bracket

7. Author + date (paraphrase) • The cruelty of the South is described in the song, “Southern Man” (Young, 1970). • Neil Young describes the cruelty of the South in “Southern Man”(1970).

8. Author + date (direct quote) • The line, “with the best laid plan” (Young, 1970, l 3), suggests that the South’s plan for segregation was not going to work. • In the line, “with the best laid plan” (1970, l3), Neil Young suggests that the South’s plan for segregation was not going to work.

9. More than one author • (Nash & Young, 1974) – more than 1 • (Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young, 1974) – 3 to 5 • (Young et al, 1974) – 6 or more

10. What if you don’t know the author? • "Southern man" suggests that young white men from the South should look within themselves and see all the terrible things they have done. (Lyric interpretations, 2009) • Use the article/web page title or if lengthy, a part of this title • Notice only the first word is capitalized

11. What if you don’t know the date? • (Young, n.d.) • (Lyric interpretations, n.d.)

12. What if you are using an electronic source and you know the author? • (Author, date) – summary, paraphrase • (Author, date, p#) – direct quote if page numbers available • (Author, date, para.#) or (Author, Date, Section heading) – direct quote if no page numbers - Use paragraph # or section name)

13. What if you are using an electronic source and you don’t know the author? • (Web Page/article name, date) – summary, paraphrase • (Page/article name, date, p#) – direct quote if page numbers available • (Web Page/article name, date, para.#) or (Web Page/article name, , Date, Section heading) – direct quote if no page numbers - Use paragraph # or section name)

14. What if you are using an entire website? • If an entire web site is being cited, you do not need to include the web site in your reference list. • Instead, include the website in your text (http://csny.com)

15. Comic Strip, Photo, Illustration, Clip Art, Map • Use the same in-text format as you would for text • (Artist/Illustrator/Photographer’s Name, date) (Sheehan, n.d.)

16. Personal Communication • Another student mentioned “she was tired of all the negative topics” (C. Davidson, personal communication, March 9, 2011).

17. Film • (Producer & Director, year) • Example: Mississippi Burning - (Zollo & Parker, 1988)

18. References • SFU Citation Guide • Seneca Libraries APA • APA Style • Norton site