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APA Citation Style. Documenting Sources: References List & In-text Citations. Why Use APA Format?. Allows readers to locate your sources easily. Provides consistent format within a discipline. Protects you from plagiarism. Gives you credibility as an author. Where Do I Find the APA Format?.
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APA Citation Style Documenting Sources: References List & In-text Citations College of DuPage Library Revised 2/09
Why Use APA Format? • Allows readers to locate your sources easily. • Provides consistent format within a discipline. • Protects you from plagiarism. • Gives you credibility as an author. College of DuPage Library Revised 2/09
Where Do I Find the APA Format? • Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association(5th ed., 2001)The “Bible” of the APA style. Often called the “APA Manual.” • APA Style Guide to Electronic References(2007). Update to the Publication Manual. • C.O.D. Library Web sitewww.cod.edu/library > Citing Sources > APAExamples and other helpful Web sites College of DuPage Library Revised 2/09
Title Page • Papers in APA style require a title page. • Include the paper’s title and your name, course, professor’s name, date. • Ask your instructor for title page requirements! • Student Paper Example College of DuPage Library Revised 2/09
Paper Format • Ask your instructor for requirements! • 12 pt. Times Roman font preferred or a non-serif font, but ask your instructor. • Double-spaced. • 1 inch margins. • Abbreviated title is header for all pages. • Pages are numbered. College of DuPage Library Revised 2/09
Quotations: Examples • See pages 117-118 in the APA manual. • Also see OWL (Purdue University) Web site College of DuPage Library Revised 2/09
Paraphrasing: Examples • See pages 349-350 in the APA manual. • Also see OWL (Purdue University) Web site College of DuPage Library Revised 2/09
Complete Paper Example • Student Paper Example • Also see example in APA manual. College of DuPage Library Revised 2/09
APA References List • Called “References,” alphabetized by item (author or title). • A list of every source that you make reference to in your paper. • Provides the information necessary for a reader to locate and retrieve any sources cited in your paper. • Each source cited in the paper must appear on the References list, and vice versa. College of DuPage Library Revised 2/09
References List: Example • Student paper example Go to the end of the paper to see the “References.” College of DuPage Library Revised 2/09
Reference Citations • Citations should contain the following information: author’s name, title of work, publication information, to the extent that you can find this information about the source. College of DuPage Library Revised 2/09
Book: Example Schneck, C. (2007). Sleep: The mysteries, the problems, and the solutions. New York: Avery. Citations should be double-spaced with a hanging indent. College of DuPage Library Revised 2/09
Article in Reference Book (e.g. Encyclopedia): Example • Frey, R. J. (2003). Post-traumatic stress disorder. In The Gale encyclopedia of mental disorders (Vol. 2, pp. 786-789). Detroit: Gale. Citations should be double-spaced with a hanging indent. College of DuPage Library Revised 2/09
Chapter/Article in Edited Book: Example Mattia, J.I., & Zimmerman, M. (2001). Epidemiology. In W.J. Livesley (Ed.), Handbook of personality disorders: Theory, research, and treatment (pp. 107-123). New York: Guilford Press. Citations should be double-spaced with a hanging indent. College of DuPage Library Revised 2/09
Journal Article (Print): Example Verona, E., & Kilmer, A. (2007). Stress exposure and affective modulation of aggressive behavior in men and women. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 116(2), 410-421. Citations should be double-spaced with a hanging indent. College of DuPage Library Revised 2/09
Journal Article (electronic, from subscription database) with no DOI: Example Norvilitus, J. M., Szablicki, P. B., & Wilson, S. D. (2003). Factors influencing levels of credit-card debt in college students. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 33(5), 935-947. Retrieved January 27, 2009, from Academic OneFile database. Citations should be double-spaced with a hanging indent. College of DuPage Library Revised 2/09
Journal Article (electronic, from subscription database) with DOI: Example Andersson, G. (2009). Foster children: A longitudinal study of placements and family relationships. International Journal of Social Welfare, 18(1), 13-26. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2397.2008.00570.x College of DuPage Library Revised 2/09
Web Site (No Author): Example Obsessive-compulsive disorder. (2007, September 16). National Institute of Mental Health. Retrieved September 30, 2007, from http://www.nimh.nih.gov/ health/topics/obsessive-compulsive- disorder-ocd/index.shtml Citations should be double-spaced with a hanging indent. College of DuPage Library Revised 2/09
Web Site (No Date): Example Archer, Z. (n.d.). Exploring nonverbal communication. Retrieved February 10, 2009, from http://zzyx.ucsc.edu/~archer Citations should be double-spaced with a hanging indent. College of DuPage Library Revised 2/09
Image: Example • Netter, F. (2005). Heart [Electronic illustration]. Retrieved February 10, 2009, from http:// www.usip.edu/museum/ netter_detail3.htm. College of DuPage Library Revised 2/09
Image (No Author, No Title, No Date): Example • [Untitled image of a chest X-ray]. Retrieved February 10, 2009, from http://www.merritt.edu/~radte/. College of DuPage Library Revised 2/09
Other Examples • Go to Web sites listed on the Citing Sources page under “Other Resources” for more examples and explanations. • Google it! e.g. magazine article APA style, but be careful to use a good Web site. College of DuPage Library Revised 2/09
In-text Citations • Sometimes called parenthetical citations. • Done within the text of your paper after you’ve quoted or paraphrased from a source. • Each source cited in the paper must appear on your “References” list, and vice versa. College of DuPage Library Revised 2/09
Example of “Signal Phrase” • Social historian Richard Sennett (1980) names the tendency to come to terms with difficult experiences a "purification process" whereby "threatening or painful dissonances are warded off to preserve intact a clear and articulated image of oneself and one’s place in the world" (p. 11). College of DuPage Library Revised 2/09
Another Type of In-Text Citation • The tendency to come to terms with difficult experiences is referred to as a "purification process" whereby "threatening or painful dissonances are warded off to preserve intact a clear and articulated image of oneself and one’s place in the world" (Sennett, 1980, p.11). College of DuPage Library Revised 2/09
Source with No Author: Example • Several critics of the concept of the transparent society ask if a large society would be able to handle the complete loss of privacy ("Surveillance Society," 1998, p. 115). • Use an abbreviated version of the title. College of DuPage Library Revised 2/09
Help with APA Citation • Citing Sources page on Library’s Web site • Library’s Reference Desk—in person, email, or IM • Writing & Reading CenterIC 3040 & Library 3018(630) 942-3355 or make appointment online College of DuPage Library Revised 2/09