The Future of Energy: Oil, Coal, and Renewable Alternatives

1. Roanoke Valley Cool Cities Coalition 05.16.08

2. ON PREDICTION THE WORLD WILL RUN OUT OF OIL THIS CENTURY In a rare moment of candor, Jeroen van der Veer, the chief executive of Royal Dutch Shell, acknowledged : "We are experiencing a step-change in the growth rate of energy demand due to population growth and economic development… …Shell estimates that after 2015 supplies of easy-to-access oil and gas will no longer keep up with demand.“ December 2007

3. ON PREDICTION THE WORLD WILL RUN OUT OF OIL THIS CENTURY "People who think that peak oil will occur are just looking at conventional oil. You have to think beyond that. Think of all the other hydrocarbon sources, the oil sands in Canada, the natural gas. Think of all the remote areas of the world that have not yet been explored: the whole of eastern Siberia, the Arctic, the deeper (ocean) waters. "The worst-case doomsday scenario is highly unlikely. The world has a lot of hydrocarbon resources. Coal is plentiful in the United States, where we have more reserves than any other nation.” June 2006 Chevron CEO David O’Reilly "Energy will be one of the defining issues of this century. One thing is clear: the era of easy oil is over. What we all do next will determine how well we meet the energy needs of the entire world in this century and beyond.“ December 2007

4. the Arctic ScienceDaily (Jan. 7, 2008)"MMS, by its own admission, has stated that oil spills are likely from its proposal to open up the Chukchi Sea to oil and gas development," said Mike Daulton, Audubon's Director of Conservation Policy. "That, combined with findings from the Army Corps of Engineers citing there are no effective methods for cleaning up oil spills in Arctic waters, seems enough reason to halt oil and gas activities until more is known about the migratory birds, marine life and unique conditions in this very harsh environment.“ www.sciencedaily.com ScienceDaily (Sep. 8, 2007) — Future reduction of sea ice in the Arctic could result in a loss of 2/3 of the world's polar bear population within 50 years according to a series of studies just released by the U.S. Geological Survey.

5. More than 159 million Americans live in communities with unhealthy air. Air pollution from power plants alone contributes to an estimated 30,000 premature deaths, hundreds of thousands of asthma attacks, and tens of thousands of hospitalizations for respiratory and cardiovascular illnesses each year. Everyone deserves air that is safe to breathe. Coal is plentiful

6. If our “cheap” electricity degrades the landscape, pollutes the rivers, endangers human and environmental health we should aggressively seek viable alternatives. Coal is plentiful

7. “Scientists working for various federal agencies have documented a wide range of enormously destructive environmental impacts from this mining technique (mountaintop coal extraction). More than 7 percent of Appalachian forests have been cut down and more than 1,200 miles of streams across the region have been buried or polluted between 1985 and 2001.” Union of Concerned Scientists www.ucsusa.org Coal is plentiful

8. More than 159 million Americans live in communities with unhealthy air. Air pollution from power plants alone contributes to an estimated 30,000 premature deaths, hundreds of thousands of asthma attacks, and tens of thousands of hospitalizations for respiratory and cardiovascular illnesses each year. Everyone deserves air that is safe to breathe. RELY ON CURRENT SOLAR INCOME

9. Renewable energy technologies will never get off the ground until they become cheaper than fossil fuels. Today, Nanosolar CEO Martin Roscheisen says his startup took a step in that direction by shipping its first thin-film solar panel after five years of development. In a blog post, Roscheisen claims his company has produced “the world’s lowest-cost solar panel – which we believe will make us the first solar manufacturer capable of profitably selling solar panels at as little as $.99/Watt.” That would put energy systems made with Nanosolar panels within striking range of the price of coal, which is around $2.10 per watt for new coal plants. December 2007 NanoSolar CEO Martin Roscheisen "Energy will be one of the defining issues of this century. One thing is clear: the era of easy oil is over. What we all do next will determine how well we meet the energy needs of the entire world in this century and beyond."

10. If we abandon existing housing stock we contribute to landfill expansion, increase groundwater contamination, and waste the embodied energy in the materials we discard. Construction and Demolition Debris Contributes over 3.5 MILLION TONS to Virginia’s landfills annually DEQ

11. ELIMINATE THE CONCEPT OF WASTE Bill Hayden , a spokesman for the state Department of Environmental Quality, said his department has two chief concerns – that Virginia be able to manage imports as safely as possible, and that enough space is available to handle Virginia’s own crush of garbage, which too is increasing. As safely as possible?

12. Wall Street Journal

13. Chromated Copper Arsenate (CCA) Pressure Treated Lumber Formaldehyde Insulation, Plywood, etc. volatile organic compounds Paint, carpet, furniture Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC/vinyl) Windows, siding, plumbing Bisphenol A (BPA) Some plastics Polybrominated Diphenylethers (PBDEs) Fire Retardant in Furniture ELIMINATETHE USE OF KNOWN TOXINS

14. INSIST ON THE RIGHT OF HUMANITY And NATURE TO COEXIST As we abandon our core urban neighborhoods we encourage sprawl and decimate our landscapes and ecosystems.

16. Claude Moore Education Complex Going for LEED Gold Certification

17. Claude Moore Education Complex Historic Renovation and Urban Redevelopment

18. Claude Moore Education Complex Preserves Our Cultural Heritage

19. Claude Moore Education Complex Recycling is good for plastic soda bottles

20. Claude Moore Education Complex It’s also good for bricks

21. Claude Moore Education Complex Rainwater Cisterns: Water for irrigation and flushing toilets

22. Claude Moore Education Complex Green Roof Saves Energy, Captures Rainwater, Provides Habitat, Reduces Urban Heat Island Effect, Quiets Building Environs

23. Claude Moore Education Complex From Record Shop to Vacant Building to Virginia Western’s Kitchen Space

24. Claude Moore Education Complex Former Dentist’s Office now houses Chefs’ Offices

25. Claude Moore Education Complex Solar Hot Water, High Albedo Roof, Daylighting

26. Claude Moore Education Complex Recycled Materials, Zero VOC Paints and Adhesives, no PVC

27. Claude Moore Education Complex Toilet Partitions made from Recycled Soda Bottles

28. Claude Moore Education Complex EnvIronoxide concrete stain and Forbo Flooring

29. Claude Moore Education Complex Forest Stewardship Council Certified Wood Products

30. Claude Moore Education Complex Saving Water: Waterless Urinals and Dual-Flush Toilets

31. Claude Moore Education Complex Porous Concrete Eliminates Stormwater Runoff from the Site

32. Claude Moore Education Complex IAQ During Construction and Occupancy – and a Recycling Station

33. Claude Moore Education Complex Passive Solar Design – Free Energy from the Sun

34. Claude Moore Education Complex Reflectors on Exterior Lighting reduces night sky light pollution. Green space reduces runoff and provides amenity

35. Claude Moore Education Complex That was a close one

36. Claude Moore Education Complex Roanoke Higher Education Center