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Key challenges in smallholder cereal-legume-livestock systems: Mali

Key challenges in smallholder cereal-legume-livestock systems: Mali. Food basket of Mali – Millet & Sorghum – 37% of national production Maize – 63% Cotton – 95% (Koutiala is cotton capital of Mali)

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Key challenges in smallholder cereal-legume-livestock systems: Mali

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  1. Key challenges in smallholder cereal-legume-livestock systems: Mali

  2. Food basket of Mali – • Millet & Sorghum – 37% of national production • Maize – 63% • Cotton – 95% (Koutiala is cotton capital of Mali) • Strong influence of CMDT on Farming systems in Koutiala and Bougouni (inputs, services, promotion of animal traction for cotton production) • Intensifying systems in terms of use of inputs • Brief background on project region - Sikasso

  3. Key Issue: Predominance of young population with children almost 20% of the population and about 75 % below 30 years in some “communes” • Key Challenges – • Malnutrition of children under 5 years • Household labour for farming because young people are highly mobile with tendency to move to urban centres (rural exodus) • Socio-economic & Institutional challenges

  4. Key Issue: Crop farming and livestock are the main sources of household income in Koutiala and Bougouni with cotton the leading source • Key Challenges – • Value addition of agricultural products particularly cereals • Vulnerability to market shocks due to heavy dependence on revenue from cotton • Diversification to reduce dependence on cotton • Socio-economic & Institutional challenges

  5. Key Challenges – • Access to agric. inputs for crops other than cotton and access to financial services • Strengthening farmers’ associations and private input suppliers to reduce dominance of CMDT • Seed systems including planting materials

  6. Key Issue: Transhumance is important in both locations particularly for cattle with presence of herders from the Sahel • Key Challenges – • Increased competition over pastures and water leading to farmer-herder conflict • Strengthening the capacity of local institutions in conflict management, and in documentation and enforcement of local conventions • Socio-economic & Institutional challenges

  7. Key Issue: Major constraints to crop production in the study sites are insufficient agricultural inputs, unfavourable climatic condition and soil degradation • Key Challenges – • Integrated soil & water management e.g. increasing soil organic matter , nutrient & water use efficiency • Enhancing productivity for household food security via improved varieties and agronomic practices • Post harvest management to reduce loss • Biophysical challenges

  8. Key Issue: Major constraints to livestock production in the study sites are feed scarcity, diseases and low genetic potential of local breeds • Key Challenges – • Bridging the feed gap through food-feed crop, fodder production including shrubs, crop residue management, strategic supplementation • Maintaining traction animals in good body condition • Access to veterinary services, improved management • Upgrading local breeds • Biophysical challenges

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