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The Air Around You

The Air Around You. Chapter 1 Section 1. Focus Questions. How is the atmosphere important to living things? What gases are present in Earth’s atmosphere? What wound conditions on Earth be like without the atmosphere?. Importance of the Atmosphere.

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The Air Around You

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  1. The Air Around You Chapter 1 Section 1

  2. Focus Questions • How is the atmosphere important to living things? • What gases are present in Earth’s atmosphere? • What wound conditions on Earth be like without the atmosphere?

  3. Importance of the Atmosphere • Weather– the condition of Earth’s atmosphere at a particular time and place • Atmosphere – the layer of gases that surrounds the planet • Earth’s atmosphere makes conditions on Earth suitable for living things.

  4. Importance of the Atmosphere • The atmosphere contains oxygen and other gases you need to live • Living things affect the atmosphere • The atmosphere is constantly changing

  5. Importance of the Atmosphere • Living things need warmth and liquid water • Energy is trapped from the sun and the atmosphere keeps most of Earth’s surface warm enough for water to exist as a liquid (instead of solid)

  6. Importance of the Atmosphere • The atmosphere also protects living things from dangerous radiation from the sun • It also prevents Earth’s surface from being hit by most meteoroids (chunks of rock form outer space)

  7. Checkpoint What would conditions on Earth be like without the atmosphere? Turn – Talk - Share

  8. Composition of the Atmosphere • Atom – smallest unit of a chemical element • Molecules – two or more atoms • The atmosphere is made up of a mixture of atoms and molecules of different kinds of gases.

  9. Composition of the Atmosphere • Earth’s atmosphere is made up of nitrogen, oxygen, water vapor, carbon dioxide, and many other gases, as well as particles of liquids and solids.

  10. Composition of the Atmosphere • Nitrogen is the most abundant gas in the atmosphere. • More than ¾ of the air we breath • Need nitrogen to grow and repair body cells

  11. Composition of the Atmosphere • Bacteria convert nitrogen into nitrates which can be absorbed by plants from soil • Plants use the nitrates to make proteins • Animals must eat plants or other animals to obtain the proteins

  12. Composition of the Atmosphere • Oxygen is the second most abundant gas in the atmosphere • But still less than ¼ of the total amount of gas • Plants and animals take oxygen directly from the air • Oxygen is used to release energy from food in a usable form

  13. Composition of the Atmosphere • Oxygen is also involved in burning • Without oxygen, a fire will go out • Lightning reacts with oxgyenin the air and creates an odor, which is ozone • Ozone- a form of oxygen that has three oxygen atoms in each molecule instead of the usual 2

  14. Composition of the Atmosphere • Carbon dioxide is in the atmosphere in a small amount • Plants must have carbon dioxide to produce food • CO2 is essential to life! • We give off (breath out CO2) as a waste product • Rising carbon dioxide may be raising Earth’s temperature!

  15. Composition of the Atmosphere • Oxygen and Nitrogen together make up 99% of dry air. • The other 1% is mostly carbon dioxide and argon. • The remaining are trace gases because they are only present in small amounts.

  16. Composition of the Atmosphere • It is not actually dry because it contains water vapor. • Water vapor - water in the gas state • The amount of water vapor in the air varies from place to place.

  17. Composition of the Atmosphere • Pure air contains only gases. • Pure air only exists in laboratories. • Particles in the air around you are often too small to see. • Dust, smoke, salt, chemicals

  18. Section 1 Review • Describe two ways in which the atmosphere is important to life on Earth. • Provides oxygen and gases living things need • Traps energy from the Sun to keep Earth’s surface warm • Protects from meteoroids (rock from space) • Protects from radiation from the sun

  19. Section 1 Review 2. What are the four most common gases in dry air? • Nitrogen (N2) • Oxygen (O2) • Argon • Carbon Dioxide (CO2) (See Figure 2 page 15)

  20. Section 1 Review 3. Why are the amount of gases in the atmosphere usually shown as percentages of dry air? • Because the amount of water vapor in air varies greatly

  21. Section 1 Review 4. How would the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere change is there were no plants? If there were no animals? • Without plants there would be less oxygen and more carbon dioxide; without animals there would be less carbon dioxide and more oxygen

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