European Powers Stake Their Claims 1492-1687

1. European Powers Stake Their Claims1492-1687 Mr. Hardy RMS IB Middle School 2012-2013

2. The Spanish Expeditions • 1492 – Christopher Columbus – Italian sailing for Spain, Columbus was convinced the world was round and he could reach the East Indies by sailing west. • Landed in present day Bahamas, which he thought were unknown islands of the East Indies. • Claimed the land he discovered for Spain. • Made three subsequent voyages between 1492 and 1503 which resulted in Spanish claims of land in Caribbean and Central America. • Opened up New World for Exploration

3. The Nina, Pinta, & Santa Maria

4. Vasco Nunez de Balboa • 1510 founded first permanent European settlement on the mainland of the Americas in present day Panama • 1513 becomes first European in America to see the Pacific Ocean

5. Ferdinand Magellan • 1519 Ferdinand Magellan, a Portuguese sea captain led several ships from Spain, around the Southern tip of South America. • Became the first voyage to circle around the globe. • Proved definitely that the world was round. • Claimed Philippine Islands for Spain giving Spain and empire in the Pacific.

6. Magellan’s Voyage Around the World

7. Hernando De Soto • 1541 – Hernando De Soto becomes the first European to see the Mississippi River.

8. The French Expeditions • 1524 – Giovanni Verrazano explored the East Coast of North America. • First European to sail in to New York Harbor The Verrazano Narrows Bridge In New York City

9. Jacques Cartier • 1535 Jacques Cartier- made three voyages for France between 1535 and 1542 • Discovered and sailed up the St. Lawrence River • Claimed present day Canada for France

10. Samuel de Champlain • 1603-1608 Explored Eastern Canada and Northern New England as far South as present day Boston • Founded the city of Quebec in 1608

11. Robert de La Salle • 1669 – 1687 Led several French expeditions from the Great Lakes to the Ohio River and to the Mississippi. • First European to travel down the Mississippi to its mouth in 1682. • Established numerous French forts from Michigan to Texas solidifying France’s claim to most of the interior of the present day United States.

12. The English Expeditions • 1497 – John Cabot (real name – ZuanChaboto) was an Italian who led an English expedition to North America. • First European since the Vikings to set foot on the mainland of North America. (not Columbus) Cabot landed in Newfoundland

13. Sir Francis Drake • 1577-1580 Drake became the second person to lead an expedition to sail around the world. • Claimed present day California for England. • Most importantly, it increased English interest in competing with Spain in the New World

14. The Dutch Expedition • 1609 – Henry Hudson, an English sea captain working for the Dutch sailed his ship, the Half Moon, in to New York harbor and up the Hudson River to present day Albany, NY • Most importantly, his voyage gave the Dutch claim to present day New York, where they established a colony, New Amsterdam in 1625.

15. Classroom Assignment • For this assignment you are going to make a foldable which will include information about the European explorers we have covered. • 1) Select three different colored sheets of paper. • 2) Lay the three sheets down on top of each other, leaving about one inch at the top of the two bottom pages exposed. • 3) Now fold all three together about 1/3 the way down the page. • 4) Staple the three pages together with two staples in on the back of the folded crease. • 5) Turn it over, and you should now have six tabs of alternating colors. • 6) Label your top tap European Explorers in the New World. • 7) Label the other tabs by country name, in whatever order you choose. You have five tabs, and five countries, Spain, Portugal, France, England, and Holland. • 8) On each tab, write the dates, names, and significant accomplishments of each explorer we talked about. • 9) Neatness and creativity count. Color and illustrate it as you see fit. You will be graded on it. • 10) The finished product will be part of your study guide.