Non-Communicable Diseases 8.1h – Risk factors associated with non-communicable diseases.

1. Non-Communicable Diseases8.1h – Risk factors associated with non-communicable diseases. Bell Ringer: Pick up off the chair Complete both sides! Journal: How can lifestyle choices affect a person’s health? Inventory: Prevention and your Health

2. What is a Non-Comm. Disease? • Definition: Diseases that cannot be spread from person to person. • EX: You cannot catch diabetes from someone who has this disease.

3. Congenital Disorders? • All disorders that are present when the baby is born. • EX: Cystic Fibrosis and Sickle-cell anemia

4. Heredity? • Is the passing of traits from parents to their children. • EX: A pregnant woman who drinks alcohol may give birth to a child with fetal alcohol syndrome.

5. Lifestyle Choices and Diseases • Heredity, age, gender, and ethnic group are factors which people have no control. • To decrease your risk of disease: Eat healthful foods Stay Physically Active Maintain healthy weight Get enough sleep Manage stress Avoid tobacco, alcohol, and other drugs

6. Cancer? • Definition: Is a disease characterized by the rapid and uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells. • It can affect people of all ages. • 2nd leading cause of death in the U.S.

7. Tumor? • A mass of abnormal cells. • Tumors can be: • Benign: Not Cancerous • Malignant: Cancerous

8. Types of Cancer: • Skin Cancer • Breast Cancer • Reproductive Organ Cancer • Lung Cancer • Colon and Rectal Cancer • Leukemia • Lymphoma

9. Diagnosing Cancer • Dr’s can identify a group of abnormal cells when looking at the skin. • They may feel a lump where the tissue should be soft. • X-Rays/Scanning Equipment can also locate abnormal cell formations. • If something suspicious shows up…a biopsy is done.

10. Biopsy? • The removal of a sample of tissue from a person for examination.

11. Warning Signs of Cancer • Change in bowel of bladder habits. • A sore that does not heal. • Unusual bleeding or discharge. • Thickening or lumps in the body. • Indigestion or difficulty in swallowing. • Obvious change in mole or wart. • Nagging cough or hoarseness.

12. Treating Cancer • Surgery • Radiation Therapy • Chemotherapy • http://www.brainpop.com/health/diseasesinjuriesandconditions/cancer/

13. Heart and Circulatory Problems: • Heart Disease: any condition that weakens the heart and blood vessels and makes them less functional.

14. 2 types of Heart Disease: • Arteriosclerosis: A group of disorders in which arteries harden and become more rigid. • Atherosclerosis: occurs when fatty substances in the blood build up on the walls of the arteries.

15. Other Cardiovascular Problems: • Hypertension: pressure of the blood on the walls of the blood vessels stays at a level that is higher than normal. • Stroke: condition that occurs when an artery of the brain breaks or becomes blocked. • Heart Attack: blood flow to the heart is reduced or blocked.

16. Treating Heart Disease: • Angioplasty: an instrutment is inserted into a blocked artery to clear blockage. • Medications • Pacemakers • Bypass/Heart Valve Surgery • Heart Transplants

17. Diabetes • Def: a disease that prevents the body from converting food into energy. • Their bodies do not produce/properly use Insulin. • Insulin: a protein made in the pancreas that regulates the level of glucose in the blood.

18. Two Types of Diabetes: • Type 1: the immune system attacks insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. Often starts in childhood. • Type 2: the body cannot effectively use the insulin in produces. 90-95% of diabetics have type 2, usually begins in adulthood.

19. Managing Diabetes: • Healthy Eating • Weight Management • Insulin Injections • Medical Care http://www.brainpop.com/health/diseasesinjuriesandconditions/diabetes/

20. Arthritis • Defintion: is a disease of the joints marked by painful swelling and stiffness. • More then 40 million people in the United States have arthritis.

21. Two Types of Arthritis: • Osteoarthritis: disease that results from a breakdown in cartilage in the joints. • Rheumatoid arthritis: a chronic disease characterized by pain, inflammation, swelling, and stiffness in the joints.

22. Managing Arthritis • Physical Activity and Rest (Balance) • A balanced eating plan • Joint protection (Braces/splints) • Heat and cold treatments • Medication • Massage • Surgery and Joint Replacement

23. Allergies • Definition: an extreme sensitivity to a substance. • Allergens: substances that cause allergic responses.

24. Common Allergens • Pollen • Food • Insect bites or stings • Plants

25. How to Manage Allergies: • Avoid the allergen. • Take medication. • Antihistamines. • Get Injections. http://www.brainpop.com/health/diseasesinjuriesandconditions/allergies/

26. Asthma: • Definition: a condition in which the small airways in the lungs narrow, making breathing difficult. • 20 million people in the US have asthma. • About 1/3 of those people are under 18.

27. Managing Asthma: • Manage the environment. • Manage Stress • Take Medication http://www.brainpop.com/health/diseasesinjuriesandconditions/asthma/

28. Table of Contents:

29. Homework: Anything NOT finished!

30. STOP NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES VIDEO • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4nHMV_420zg&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1&safe=active