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Future Physics and Detectors at n _TOF

Future Physics and Detectors at n _TOF. Alberto Mengoni IAEA , Vienna. Experimental characteristics of the n_TOF beam & detection setup n_TOF-Phase 2. www.cern.ch/ n _TOF. Basic characteristics of experiments at n _TOF. wide energy range. www.cern.ch/ n _TOF. The n _TOF Collaboration.

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Future Physics and Detectors at n _TOF

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  1. Future Physics and Detectors at n_TOF Alberto MengoniIAEA , Vienna • Experimental characteristics of the n_TOF beam & detection setup • n_TOF-Phase 2 www.cern.ch/n_TOF

  2. Basic characteristics of experiments at n_TOF • wide energy range www.cern.ch/n_TOF The n_TOF Collaboration

  3. Basic characteristics of experiments at n_TOF • wide energy range PPACs & FIC-0 (2003) 234U(n,f) www.cern.ch/n_TOF The n_TOF Collaboration

  4. Basic characteristics of experiments at n_TOF 232Th(n,g) • wide energy range • high neutron flux & high energy resolution small samples www.cern.ch/n_TOF The n_TOF Collaboration

  5. Basic characteristics of experiments at n_TOF 236U(n,f) • wide energy range • high neutron flux & high energy resolution www.cern.ch/n_TOF The n_TOF Collaboration

  6. Basic characteristics of experiments at n_TOF 93Zr(n,g) • wide energy range • high neutron flux & high energy resolution www.cern.ch/n_TOF The n_TOF Collaboration

  7. Basic characteristics of experiments at n_TOF 232Th(n,g) • wide energy range • high neutron flux & high energy resolution • low repetition rate of the proton driver source: P Rullhusen (GELINA) comparison with GELINA (~ same average flux at 30m) www.cern.ch/n_TOF The n_TOF Collaboration

  8. Basic characteristics of experiments at n_TOF U Abbondanno et al. (The n_TOF Collaboration) Phys. Rev. Lett. 93 (2004), 161103 & S Marrone et al. (The n_TOF Collaboration) Phys. Rev. C 73 03604 (2006) • wide energy range • high neutron flux & high energy resolution • low repetition rate of the proton driver • low background conditions 151Sm(n,g) www.cern.ch/n_TOF The n_TOF Collaboration

  9. Basic characteristics of experiments at n_TOF • wide energy range • high neutron flux & high energy resolution • low repetition rate of the proton driver • low background conditions D Cano-Ott, et al. (The n_TOF Collaboration) ND2004 Conference, Santa Fe, NM – Sept. 2004 237Np(n,g) www.cern.ch/n_TOF The n_TOF Collaboration

  10. Basic characteristics of experiments at n_TOF • wide energy range • high neutron flux & high energy resolution • low repetition rate of the proton driver • low background conditions low background conditions, but… WARNING: important in-beam g-ray BG present www.cern.ch/n_TOF The n_TOF Collaboration

  11. In-beam photon time distribution Time [ms] simulations: V Vlachoudis

  12. In-beam photon time distribution (Eg>1MeV) Time [ms] simulations: V Vlachoudis

  13. Basic characteristics of experiments at n_TOF • wide energy range • high neutron flux & high energy resolution • low repetition rate of the proton driver • low background conditions • detectors with extremely low neutron sensitivity R Plag et al. (The n_TOF Collaboration) NIMA 496 (2003) 425 www.cern.ch/n_TOF The n_TOF Collaboration

  14. Sample changer C6D6 C6D6 Neutron beam Basic characteristics of experiments at n_TOF • wide energy range • high neutron flux & high energy resolution • low repetition rate of the proton driver • low background conditions • detectors with extremely low neutron sensitivity www.cern.ch/n_TOF The n_TOF Collaboration

  15. Basic characteristics of experiments at n_TOF • wide energy range • high neutron flux & high energy resolution • low repetition rate of the proton driver • low background conditions • detectors with extremely low neutron sensitivity sample changer and beam pipe made out of carbon fiber www.cern.ch/n_TOF The n_TOF Collaboration

  16. sample • 40 BaF2 crystals • high detection efficiency ≈100% • good energy resolution • so far, only used for (n,g) measurements in 2004 Basic characteristics of experiments at n_TOF • wide energy range • high neutron flux & high energy resolution • low repetition rate of the proton driver • low background conditions • detectors with extremely low neutron sensitivity • high-efficiency detectors (TAC) s(e) ≤ 2% www.cern.ch/n_TOF The n_TOF Collaboration

  17. Basic characteristics of experiments at n_TOF • wide energy range • high neutron flux & high energy resolution • low repetition rate of the proton driver • low background conditions • detectors with extremely low neutron sensitivity • high-efficiency detectors (TAC) C Guerrero et al. (The n_TOF Collaboration) ND2007 Conference, Nice, France, April 2007 240Pu(n,g) www.cern.ch/n_TOF The n_TOF Collaboration

  18. Basic characteristics of experiments at n_TOF R Plag et al. (The n_TOF Collaboration) NIMA 538 (2005) 693 • wide energy range • high neutron flux & high energy resolution • low repetition rate of the proton driver • low background conditions • detectors with extremely low neutron sensitivity • high-efficiency detectors (TAC) • state of the art daq system www.cern.ch/n_TOF The n_TOF Collaboration

  19. Basic characteristics of experiments at n_TOF • wide energy range • high neutron flux & high energy resolution • low repetition rate of the proton driver • low background conditions • detectors with extremely low neutron sensitivity • high-efficiency detectors (TAC) • state of the art daq system n_TOF beam characteristics and experimental setup proved to be a unique combination for high accuracy measurements www.cern.ch/n_TOF The n_TOF Collaboration

  20. Capture 151Sm 204,206,207,208Pb, 209Bi 232Th 24,25,26Mg 90,91,92,94,96Zr, 93Zr 139La 186,187,188Os 233,234U 237Np,240Pu,243Am Fission 233,234,235,236,238U 232Th 209Bi 237Np 241,243Am, 245Cm n_TOF experiments 2002-4 • Measurements of neutron cross sections relevant for Nuclear Waste Transmutation and related Nuclear Technologies • Th/U fuel cycle (capture & fission) • Transmutation of MA (capture & fission) • Transmutation of FP (capture) • Cross sections relevant for Nuclear Astrophysics • s-process: branchings • s-process: presolar grains • Neutrons as probes for fundamental Nuclear Physics • Nuclear level density & n-nucleus interaction The n_TOF Collaboration

  21. The n_TOF-Ph2(*) experiments 2008 and beyond • Measurements of neutron cross sections relevant for Nuclear Waste Transmutation and Advanced Nuclear Technologies • Cross sections relevant for Nuclear Astrophysics • Neutrons as probes for fundamental Nuclear Physics (*) The physics case and the related proposal for measurements at the CERN Neutron Time-of-Flight facility n_TOF in the period 2006-2010 • CERN-INTC-2005-021; INTC-P-197 • April 2005 n_TOF-Ph2

  22. The n_TOF-Ph2 experiments 2008 and beyond (*) endorsed by CERN INTC (execution in 2008?) n_TOF-Ph2

  23. The n_TOF-Ph2 experiments 2008 and beyond n_TOF-Ph2

  24. The second n_TOF beam line & EAR-2 NewExperimentalArea (EAR-2) ~ 20 m n_TOF target EAR-1 (at 185 m) Flight-path length : ~20 m at 90° respect to p-beam direction expected neutron flux enhancement: ~ 100 drastic reduction of the t0 flash n_TOF-Ph2

  25. problems of sample production and safety issues relaxed EAR-2: Optimized sensitivity consequences for sample mass • 50 mg • 5 mg • 1 mg • 10 mg Improvements (ex: 151Sm case) • sample mass / 3 s/bkgd=1 • use BaF2 TAC e x 10 • use D2O F30 x 5 • use 20 m flight path F30 x 100 boosts sensitivity by a factor of 5000!

  26. Summary & conclusion • n_TOF unique for high precision cross section measurements • plan for measurements in EAR-1 already available ready to restart activities! • possible improvements for the present setup for EAR-1: • reduction of in-beam g-ray (use Borated H2O or D2O) • mods to safe use of radioactive samples • future perspectives: • second beam line construction plan • Class-A as EAR-2 www.cern.ch/n_TOF

  27. The n_TOF Collaboration 40 research teams 120 researchers MoU for Phase-2 ready for signature www.cern.ch/n_TOF

  28. The End www.cern.ch/n_TOF

  29. Capture 151Sm 204,206,207,208Pb, 209Bi 232Th 24,25,26Mg 90,91,92,94,96Zr, 93Zr 139La 186,187,188Os 233,234U 237Np,240Pu,243Am Fission 233,234,235,236,238U 232Th 209Bi 237Np 241,243Am, 245Cm n_TOF experiments U Abbondanno et al. (The n_TOF Collaboration) Phys. Rev. Lett. 93 (2004), 161103

  30. Capture 151Sm 204,206,207,208Pb, 209Bi 232Th 24,25,26Mg 90,91,92,94,96Zr, 93Zr 139La 186,187,188Os 233,234U 237Np,240Pu,243Am Fission 233,234,235,236,238U 232Th 209Bi 237Np 241,243Am, 245Cm n_TOF experiments U Abbondanno et al. (The n_TOF Collaboration) Phys. Rev. Lett. 93 (2004), 161103 & S Marrone et al. (The n_TOF Collaboration) Phys. Rev. C 73 03604 (2006)

  31. Capture 151Sm 204,206,207,208Pb, 209Bi 232Th 24,25,26Mg 90,91,92,94,96Zr, 93Zr 139La 186,187,188Os 233,234U 237Np,240Pu,243Am Fission 233,234,235,236,238U 232Th 209Bi 237Np 241,243Am, 245Cm n_TOF experiments U Abbondanno et al. (The n_TOF Collaboration) Phys. Rev. Lett. 93 (2004), 161103 & S Marrone et al. (The n_TOF Collaboration) Phys. Rev. C 73 03604 (2006) n_TOF <D0> = 1.49 ± 0.07 eV S0 = (3.87 ± 0.33)×10-4 RI = 3575 ± 210 b The n_TOF Collaboration

  32. 152Gd 153Gd 154Gd 155Gd 156Gd 157Gd Gd Eu 151Eu 152Eu 153Eu 154Eu 155Eu 156Eu 150Sm 151Sm 93 a 152Sm 153Sm 154Sm Sm Capture 151Sm 204,206,207,208Pb, 209Bi 232Th 24,25,26Mg 90,91,92,94,96Zr, 93Zr 139La 186,187,188Os 233,234U 237Np,240Pu,243Am Fission 233,234,235,236,238U 232Th 209Bi 237Np 241,243Am, 245Cm n_TOF experiments U Abbondanno et al. (The n_TOF Collaboration) Phys. Rev. Lett. 93 (2004), 161103 S Marrone et al. (The n_TOF Collaboration) Phys. Rev. C 73 03604 (2006) • T8 > 4 using the “classical” s-process model • from AGB modeling: 71% of 152Gd Present main uncertainty: lb(T) of 151Sm The n_TOF Collaboration

  33. Capture 151Sm 204,206,207,208Pb, 209Bi 232Th 24,25,26Mg 90,91,92,94,96Zr, 93Zr 139La 186,187,188Os 233,234U 237Np,240Pu,243Am Fission 233,234,235,236,238U 232Th 209Bi 237Np 241,243Am, 245Cm n_TOF experiments U Abbondanno et al. (The n_TOF Collaboration) Phys. Rev. Lett. 93 (2004), 161103 & S Marrone et al. (The n_TOF Collaboration) Phys. Rev. C 73 03604 (2006) for nuclear data evaluators: all infos available in refereed journal publications & on the n_TOF website www.cern.ch/ntof

  34. Capture 151Sm 204,206,207,208Pb, 209Bi 232Th 24,25,26Mg 90,91,92,94,96Zr, 93Zr 139La 186,187,188Os 233,234U 237Np,240Pu,243Am Fission 233,234,235,236,238U 232Th 209Bi 237Np 241,243Am, 245Cm n_TOF experiments C Domingo-Pardo, et al. - The n_TOF Collaboration ND2004 Conference, Santa Fe, NM – Sept. 2004 & accepted for publication in PRC (in press) 207Pb(n,g) The n_TOF Collaboration

  35. Capture 151Sm 204,206,207,208Pb, 209Bi 232Th 24,25,26Mg 90,91,92,94,96Zr, 93Zr 139La 186,187,188Os 233,234U 237Np,240Pu,243Am Fission 233,234,235,236,238U 232Th 209Bi 237Np 241,243Am, 245Cm n_TOF experiments C Domingo-Pardo, et al. - The n_TOF Collaboration ND2004 Conference, Santa Fe, NM – Sept. 2004 & accepted for publication in PRC (in press) 207Pb(n,g) substantial disagreement for En > 45 keV The n_TOF Collaboration

  36. Capture 151Sm 204,206,207,208Pb, 209Bi 232Th 24,25,26Mg 90,91,92,94,96Zr, 93Zr 139La 186,187,188Os 233,234U 237Np,240Pu,243Am Fission 233,234,235,236,238U 232Th 209Bi 237Np 241,243Am, 245Cm n_TOF experiments C Domingo-Pardo, et al. - The n_TOF Collaboration ND2004 Conference, Santa Fe, NM – Sept. 2004 & accepted for publication in PRC (in press) 207Pb(n,g) 3% accuracy of the capture kernel The n_TOF Collaboration

  37. Capture 151Sm 204,206,207,208Pb, 209Bi 232Th 24,25,26Mg 90,91,92,94,96Zr, 93Zr 139La 186,187,188Os 233,234U 237Np,240Pu,243Am Fission 233,234,235,236,238U 232Th 209Bi 237Np 241,243Am, 245Cm n_TOF experiments C Domingo-Pardo, et al. - The n_TOF Collaboration ND2004 Conference, Santa Fe, NM – Sept. 2004 & submitted for publication to PRC, October 2006 204Pb(n,g) Very low neutron sensitivity of capture g-ray detection systems & high resolution The n_TOF Collaboration

  38. Capture 151Sm 204,206,207,208Pb, 209Bi 232Th 24,25,26Mg 90,91,92,94,96Zr, 93Zr 139La 186,187,188Os 233,234U 237Np,240Pu,243Am Fission 233,234,235,236,238U 232Th 209Bi 237Np 241,243Am, 245Cm n_TOF experiments C Domingo-Pardo, et al. - The n_TOF Collaboration ND2004 Conference, Santa Fe, NM – Sept. 2004 & submitted for publication to PRC, October 2006 204Pb(n,g) The n_TOF Collaboration

  39. Capture 151Sm 204,206,207,208Pb, 209Bi 232Th 24,25,26Mg 90,91,92,94,96Zr, 93Zr 139La 186,187,188Os 233,234U 237Np,240Pu,243Am Fission 233,234,235,236,238U 232Th 209Bi 237Np 241,243Am, 245Cm n_TOF experiments C Domingo-Pardo, et al. (The n_TOF Collaboration) Phys. Rev. C 74, 025807 (2006) 209Bi(n,g) Very low neutron sensitivity of capture g-ray detection systems & high resolution The n_TOF Collaboration

  40. Capture 151Sm 204,206,207,208Pb, 209Bi 232Th 24,25,26Mg 90,91,92,94,96Zr, 93Zr 139La 186,187,188Os 233,234U 237Np,240Pu,243Am Fission 233,234,235,236,238U 232Th 209Bi 237Np 241,243Am, 245Cm n_TOF experiments C Domingo-Pardo, et al. (The n_TOF Collaboration) Phys. Rev. C 74, 025807 (2006) 209Bi(n,g) Very low neutron sensitivity of capture g-ray detection systems & high resolution The n_TOF Collaboration

  41. Capture 151Sm 204,206,207,208Pb, 209Bi 232Th 24,25,26Mg 90,91,92,94,96Zr, 93Zr 139La 186,187,188Os 233,234U 237Np,240Pu,243Am Fission 233,234,235,236,238U 232Th 209Bi 237Np 241,243Am, 245Cm n_TOF experiments C Domingo-Pardo, et al. (The n_TOF Collaboration) Phys. Rev. C 74, 025807 (2006) 209Bi(n,g) 16% higher MACS for kT = 5-8 keV 81% r-process abundance for 209Bi The n_TOF Collaboration

  42. Capture 151Sm 204,206,207,208Pb, 209Bi 232Th 24,25,26Mg 90,91,92,94,96Zr, 93Zr 139La 186,187,188Os 233,234U 237Np,240Pu,243Am Fission 233,234,235,236,238U 232Th 209Bi 237Np 241,243Am, 245Cm n_TOF experiments F Gunsing, et al. - The n_TOF Collaboration ND2004 Conference, Santa Fe, NM – Sept. 2004 232Th(n,g) extremely high-resolution data! The n_TOF Collaboration

  43. Capture 151Sm 204,206,207,208Pb, 209Bi 232Th 24,25,26Mg 90,91,92,94,96Zr, 93Zr 139La 186,187,188Os 233,234U 237Np,240Pu,243Am Fission 233,234,235,236,238U 232Th 209Bi 237Np 241,243Am, 245Cm n_TOF experiments F Gunsing, et al. - The n_TOF Collaboration ND2004 Conference, Santa Fe, NM – Sept. 2004 & G Aerts et al. (The n_TOF Collaboration) Phys. Rev. C 73, 054610 (2006) 232Th(n,g) The n_TOF Collaboration

  44. Capture 151Sm 204,206,207,208Pb, 209Bi 232Th 24,25,26Mg 90,91,92,94,96Zr, 93Zr 139La 186,187,188Os 233,234U 237Np,240Pu,243Am Fission 233,234,235,236,238U 232Th 209Bi 237Np 241,243Am, 245Cm n_TOF experiments F Gunsing, et al. - The n_TOF Collaboration ND2004 Conference, Santa Fe, NM – Sept. 2004 & G Aerts et al. (The n_TOF Collaboration) Phys. Rev. C 73, 054610 (2006) 232Th(n,g) For En = 4 keV up to 1 MeV full dataset is available on the PRC publication The n_TOF Collaboration

  45. Capture 151Sm 204,206,207,208Pb, 209Bi 232Th 24,25,26Mg 90,91,92,94,96Zr, 93Zr 139La 186,187,188Os 233,234U 237Np,240Pu,243Am Fission 233,234,235,236,238U 232Th 209Bi 237Np 241,243Am, 245Cm n_TOF experiments 232Th(n,g) F Gunsing, et al. - The n_TOF Collaboration analysis in progress The n_TOF Collaboration

  46. Capture 151Sm 204,206,207,208Pb, 209Bi 232Th 24,25,26Mg 90,91,92,94,96Zr, 93Zr 139La 186,187,188Os 233,234U 237Np,240Pu,243Am Fission 233,234,235,236,238U 232Th 209Bi 237Np 241,243Am, 245Cm n_TOF experiments 232Th(n,g) F Gunsing, et al. - The n_TOF Collaboration analysis in progress s-wave resonances The n_TOF Collaboration

  47. Capture 151Sm 204,206,207,208Pb, 209Bi 232Th 24,25,26Mg 90,91,92,94,96Zr, 93Zr 139La 186,187,188Os 233,234U 237Np,240Pu,243Am Fission 233,234,235,236,238U 232Th 209Bi 237Np 241,243Am, 245Cm n_TOF experiments Fitting of resonance parameter in progress! first known Mg resonance at 24 keV Impurities In, Sb Very low neutron sensitivity of capture g-ray detection systems & high resolution The n_TOF Collaboration

  48. Capture 151Sm 204,206,207,208Pb, 209Bi 232Th 24,25,26Mg 90,91,92,94,96Zr, 93Zr 139La 186,187,188Os 233,234U 237Np,240Pu,243Am Fission 233,234,235,236,238U 232Th 209Bi 237Np 241,243Am, 245Cm n_TOF experiments Source: P Koehler & S O’Brien Capture & transmission data (from ORELA) analyzed simultanously The n_TOF Collaboration

  49. Capture 151Sm 204,206,207,208Pb, 209Bi 232Th 24,25,26Mg 90,91,92,94,96Zr, 93Zr 139La 186,187,188Os 233,234U 237Np,240Pu,243Am Fission 233,234,235,236,238U 232Th 209Bi 237Np 241,243Am, 245Cm n_TOF experiments C Moreau, et al. - The n_TOF Collaboration ND2004 Conference, Santa Fe, NM – September 2004 G Tagliente et al. (The n_TOF Collaboration) NIC-IX, CERN, June 2006 C Moreau, et al. - The n_TOF Collaboration ND2004 Conference, Santa Fe, NM – September 2004 G Tagliente et al. (The n_TOF Collaboration) NIC-IX, CERN, June 2006 96Zr(n,g) 20% reduction in the capture strength (average) The n_TOF Collaboration

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