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That Changed the Colonies Forever

Two Movements. That Changed the Colonies Forever. and a War. But first, the war…. The French &Indian War. French And Indian Packet. The French and Indian War. The war began as a land dispute between the French and the British. Washington’s Role.

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That Changed the Colonies Forever

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  1. Two Movements That Changed the Colonies Forever and a War

  2. But first, the war… The French &Indian War

  3. French And Indian Packet

  4. The French and Indian War • The war began as a land dispute between the French and the British. • Washington’s Role. • Eventually the French were completely expelled from North America. (Also Spain gives up Florida) British/Colonists vs. French/Indians

  5. The French and Indian War • The war was expensive to fight so the British are eager to prevent another one. • So they (British) issued the… • Prevented the colonists from getting new land. • British troops were sent to enforce the line. • Taxed the colonists to pay for it. Proclamation of 1763

  6. The Enlightenment • Also referred to as the Neo-Classical Period and the Age of Reason. • Emphasized reason and thinking over tradition, religion etc. • Emphasized classic Greek Philosophers, such as Aristotle and Plato.

  7. Famous Enlightenment Thinkers • Locke, Rousseau, Voltaire, Montesquieu • Jefferson, Hamilton, Franklin,Washington

  8. John Locke • Tabula Rasa • Social Contract • Consent of the Governed • Purpose of Government is to protect life, liberty and property. • Civil Society • A totality of voluntary civic and social organizations

  9. John Jacques Rousseau • “Man was born free and he is everywhere in chains. “ • “One man thinks himself the master of others but he in fact remains more a slave than they” • Sovreignty should be in the hands of the people” • INJUSTICE IS ARTIFICIAL

  10. The Case of John Peter Zenger and the Free Press • 1735 • Zenger was accused of seditious libel by William Cosby of New York. • In his defense he argued that he printed the facts and although they harmed Cosby, the were facts. • Result- harmful comments are ok IF they are true.

  11. Before the Enlightenment • Witch hunts • Religious wars • Imperial conquests • Catholics and Protestants called each other followers of Satan • Slavery justified by religion • People who questioned authority were imprisoned. Rebellion from this…

  12. Ben Franklin (Briefly)

  13. The formal definition: • a philosophical movement of the 18th century, characterized by belief in the power of human reason and by innovations in political, religious, and educational doctrine.

  14. The Enlightenment LOGIC • At its core was a critical questioning of traditional institutions, customs, and morals. Reason Skepticism

  15. “They believed that human reason could be used to combat ignorance, superstition, and tyranny and to build a better world. Their principal targets were religion and the domination of society by a hereditary aristocracy.” Paul Brian, “The Enlightenment”

  16. The Great Awakening

  17. The Great Awakening • A time of increased religious activity. • Started by John Edwards emotional style of preaching. • (“Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God”) • A religious movement that tried to get people to rededicate themselves to God. • Less focus on ritual ceremony and spiritual coldness. • Focused on Personal Salvation.

  18. The Great Awakening • Focused on personal Salvation • Convincing people of their personal guilt and their need for salvation through DECISIVE ACTION. • Challenged the authority of organized religions • -More focus on man less focus on God. • -Faith over Theology • It was aimed at refocusing people. • Intensely personal, introspective and popular among the … Old Lights vs. New Lights

  19. The division of OLD LIGHT and NEW LIGHT existed inside of each denomination. OLD LIGHTS from across the religions communicated to discuss this new common threat.

  20. The Great Awakening • For about 20 years people were likely to visit other denominations looking for their answers. Often they changed. (Protestants) • Results: Led to the formation of new religious groups not loyal to the king. • Methodists, Baptists, others • Every intellectual movement creates new religious movements that accommodate the new ideas. The reverse is also true.

  21. How is it different from Puritan Religion? • Rather than sitting and passively listening to listening to ministers… • New ministers were passionate and animated. • They encouraged studying the Bible at home. • Religion went looking for people rather than waiting for people to come looking for them. Sure, NOW you can study at home!!

  22. Results of The Two Both emphasized the individual and led the colonists to further question British authority. GET OUT A HALF SHEET OF PAPER!!! How did each promote “the individual”

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