AP Biology Review

1. AP Biology Review Cells, Cellular Respiration, and Photosynthesis

2. AP Biology Review – Cells, CR, and Photo Enzymes and Transport Cellular Respiration Photosynthesis Cells Random Trivia 100 100 100 100 100 200 200 200 200 200 300 300 300 300 300 400 400 400 400 400 500 500 500 500 500

3. E1 E2 E3 W----------------> X-----------------> Y---------------> Z In the series of enzyme reactions shown above, product Z is able to occupy the active site of enzyme E2. Product Z can therefore first inhibit the production of W E1 X E2 Y 1,100

4. Which of the following is an example of active transport across a membrane? The movement of water from a nephron into the collecting duct of the kidney The movement of glucose by facilitated diffusion into a liver cell The movement of water from the inside of a cell into a surrounding hypertonic medium The movement of Na+ into a neuron as a nerve impulse is generated The movement of H+ into a thylakoid disc during photosynthesis 1,200

5. Within the cell, many chemical reactions that, by themselves, require energy input (have a positive free-energy change) can occur because the reactions may be coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP take place very slowly take place when the cells are at unusually high temperatures are catalyzed by enzymes are aided by various metal ions that act as catalysts 1,300

6. If plant cells are immersed in distilled water, the resulting movement of water into the cells is called conduction active transport transpiration osmosis facilitated diffusion 1,400

7. The membranes of an animal cell would be impermeable to all of the following EXCEPT • A large and primarily polar protein • A small lipid based molecule • starch I only II only III only I and II only I and III only 1,500,P

8. Oxygen consumption can be used as a measure of metabolic rate because oxygen is necessary for ATP synthesis by oxidative phosphorylation necessary to replenish glycogen levels. necessary for fermentation to take place required by all living organisms required to break down the ethanol that is produced in muscles 2,100

9. Which of the following directly produces the most ATP per mole of glucose during aerobic cellular respiration? Glycolysis Electron transport chain and chemiosmosis Substrate-level phosphorylation Kreb’s Cycle Alcoholic fermentation 2,200

10. Which of the following statements about mitochondrial chemiosmosis is NOT true? A proton gradient is established across the inner membrane of the mitochondrion. The potential energy released from the mitochondrial proton gradient is used to produce ATP. The mitochondrial proton gradient provides energy for muscle contraction. Proteins embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane play an important role in ATP synthesis. Heat energy is required to establish the electron transport chain. 2,300

11. During respiration, most ATP is formed as a direct result of the net movement of potassium against a concentration gradient protons down a concentration gradient electrons against a concentration gradient electrons through a channel sodium ions into the cell 2,400

12. Process in which CO2 is released from organic molecules Process found in both photosynthesis and cellular respiration Process in which sugar is oxidized to pyruvic acid 1. ETC 2. Kreb’s Cycle 3. Glycolysis 1. Glycolysis 2. Calvin Cycle 3. ETC 1. Kreb’s Cycle 2. ETC 3. Glycolysis 1. Calvin Cycle 2. ETC 3. Glycolysis 1. ETC 2. Glycolysis 3. Kreb’s Cycle 2,500

13. Dichlorophenolindophenol (DPIP) is a blue dye that is decolorized when it is reduced. After being mixed with DPIP, which of the following would show the greatest change in color? Isolated chloroplasts in the light Isolated chloroplasts in the dark Chlorophyll extract in the dark Boiled chloroplasts in the light Boiled chloroplasts in the dark 3,100

14. The end products of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis are ADP, H2O, NADPH2 ADP, PGAL, RuBP (RuDP) ATP, CO2, H2O ATP, NADPH2, O2 CO2, H+, PGAL 3,200,P

15. In a mesophyll cell of a leaf, the synthesis of ATP occurs in which of the following? I. Ribosomes II. Mitochondria III. Chloroplasts I only II only III only II and III only I, II, and III 3,300

16. All of the following could reduce the yield of photosynthetic products EXCEPT lower concentrations of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere increased photorespiration reduced carbon dioxide concentrations in the air spaces of the leaf increased frequency of stomatal openings fewer Calvin cycle enzymes 3,400,P

17. Process by which O2 is released as a by-product of oxidation-reduction reactions • Process by which carbon from CO2 is incorporated into organic molecules • Process found in both photosynthesis and cellular respiration 1. Calvin Cycle 2. Light-dependent rxns 3. Chemiosmosis 1. Chemiosmosis 2. Light-dependent rxns 3. Calvin Cycle 1. Light-dependent rxns 2. Calvin Cycle 3. Chemiosmosis 1. Light-dependent rxns 2. Chemiosmosis 3. Calvin cycle 1. Chemiosmosis 2. Calvin Cycle 3. Light-dep. rxns 3,500

18. One of the most pronounced differences between animal and plant cells is that animal cells alone have one or more large vacuoles animal cells alone have a nucleolus animal cells alone have their nuclear chromatin attached to spindle fibers during mitosis plant cells alone have rough endoplasmic reticulum plant cells alone have relative thick rigid cell wall. 4,100

19. The organelle that is a major producer of ATP and is found in both heterotrophs and autotrophs is the chloroplast nucleus ribosome mitochondrion Golgi apparatus 4,200

20. Which of the following is the primary role of the lysosome? ATP synthesis Intracellular digestion Lipid transport Carbohydrate storage Protein synthesis 4,300

21. Which of the following are characteristics of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? Cytoplasm and a well-defined nucleus surrounded by a membrane Membranous sites of ATP synthesis, Golgi complex, and ribosomes Mitochondria, nucleus, and ribosomes Cell wall, several chromosomes, and cytoplasm Cell membrane, ribosomes, DNA, and RNA 4,400

22. Which of the following cells would most likely have the greatest concentration of densely packed rough endoplasmic reticulum? An amoeba engulfing small ciliates A bioluminescent bacterial cell A pancreatic cell engaged in the production of digestive enzymes A functional phloem cell at maturity An epithelial cell whose DNA is replicating before mitosis 4,500

23. How many sisters does Ariel have in The Little Mermaid? 2 4 6 8 10 5,100,P

24. To what phylum does Spongebob’s best friend, Patrick, belong? chordata mollusca annelida echinodermata porifera 5,200

25. What type of animal is Timon from The Lion King? Meerkat Squirrel Mongoose Weasel Rat 5,300

26. What aquatic creature do the dragons fear in How to Train Your Dragon? Sting rays Eels Star fish Sea horses Tuna 5,400,P

27. What is Mrs. Griffin’s cat’s name? Fluffy Kitty Cloud Precious Nimbus 5,500